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Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age and is often accompanied by coronary artery lesions. The cause of the disease remains undetermined, but it is estimated to result from viral or bacterial infections. Certain studies have shown infectio...

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Autores principales: Lim, Jae Hee, Kim, Yu Kyeong, Min, So Hyeon, Kim, Sang Won, Lee, Young Hwan, Lee, Jae Min
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153301
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author Lim, Jae Hee
Kim, Yu Kyeong
Min, So Hyeon
Kim, Sang Won
Lee, Young Hwan
Lee, Jae Min
author_facet Lim, Jae Hee
Kim, Yu Kyeong
Min, So Hyeon
Kim, Sang Won
Lee, Young Hwan
Lee, Jae Min
author_sort Lim, Jae Hee
collection PubMed
description Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age and is often accompanied by coronary artery lesions. The cause of the disease remains undetermined, but it is estimated to result from viral or bacterial infections. Certain studies have shown infection as a leading cause of KD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between KD incidence and viral infections in different pediatric age groups, using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Open Access Big Data Platform, to confirm seasonal trends by analyzing monthly patterns. We investigated the HIRA data of KD patients (M30.3) who were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin from 2015 to 2018. Weekly virus positive detection rate data (PDR) for this period was obtained from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency for human adenovirus (HAdV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), influenza virus (IFV), human coronavirus (HCoV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), rotavirus, norovirus, and astrovirus. We then analyzed the weekly/monthly virus PDR and its association with KD incidence, including monthly incidence patterns, and seasonal trends. Seasonal trend analysis of the virus PDR was performed using the time series analysis method through ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). Correlations between KD incidence and PDR at 1- and 2-month intervals were analyzed using the Granger test. A total of 16,740 patients were diagnosed with KD during the study period, mainly young children, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35. Specifically, 15,635 (93%) patients were under 5 years of age, with an incidence rate of 172.4/100,000 person-years. Annually, the cumulative number of cases per month was the highest in January, with an average of 469 cases, and was the lowest in September, with an average of 291 cases, although most were diagnosed with KD in winter (29.3%). Granger tests showed that PDR for HRSV, rotavirus, and norovirus were related with KD incidence by 1 month, while PDR for HRSV, HRV, rotavirus, and norovirus by 2 months. This study found that detection rates of respiratory and enteric viruses preceded KD by 1–2 months. Further research is needed to confirm the association between these viruses and KD.
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spelling pubmed-83470582021-08-08 Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis Lim, Jae Hee Kim, Yu Kyeong Min, So Hyeon Kim, Sang Won Lee, Young Hwan Lee, Jae Min J Clin Med Article Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age and is often accompanied by coronary artery lesions. The cause of the disease remains undetermined, but it is estimated to result from viral or bacterial infections. Certain studies have shown infection as a leading cause of KD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between KD incidence and viral infections in different pediatric age groups, using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) Open Access Big Data Platform, to confirm seasonal trends by analyzing monthly patterns. We investigated the HIRA data of KD patients (M30.3) who were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin from 2015 to 2018. Weekly virus positive detection rate data (PDR) for this period was obtained from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency for human adenovirus (HAdV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), influenza virus (IFV), human coronavirus (HCoV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), rotavirus, norovirus, and astrovirus. We then analyzed the weekly/monthly virus PDR and its association with KD incidence, including monthly incidence patterns, and seasonal trends. Seasonal trend analysis of the virus PDR was performed using the time series analysis method through ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). Correlations between KD incidence and PDR at 1- and 2-month intervals were analyzed using the Granger test. A total of 16,740 patients were diagnosed with KD during the study period, mainly young children, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.35. Specifically, 15,635 (93%) patients were under 5 years of age, with an incidence rate of 172.4/100,000 person-years. Annually, the cumulative number of cases per month was the highest in January, with an average of 469 cases, and was the lowest in September, with an average of 291 cases, although most were diagnosed with KD in winter (29.3%). Granger tests showed that PDR for HRSV, rotavirus, and norovirus were related with KD incidence by 1 month, while PDR for HRSV, HRV, rotavirus, and norovirus by 2 months. This study found that detection rates of respiratory and enteric viruses preceded KD by 1–2 months. Further research is needed to confirm the association between these viruses and KD. MDPI 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8347058/ /pubmed/34362085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153301 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lim, Jae Hee
Kim, Yu Kyeong
Min, So Hyeon
Kim, Sang Won
Lee, Young Hwan
Lee, Jae Min
Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title_full Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title_fullStr Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title_short Seasonal Trends of Viral Prevalence and Incidence of Kawasaki Disease: A Korea Public Health Data Analysis
title_sort seasonal trends of viral prevalence and incidence of kawasaki disease: a korea public health data analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153301
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