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Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up

Elimination diets have recently become extremely popular among people with autoimmune diseases. A gluten-free diet is indicated in celiac disease (CD), but some studies show its effectiveness in cases of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of a gluten-free diet is also...

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Autores principales: Pobłocki, Jakub, Pańka, Tamara, Szczuko, Małgorzata, Telesiński, Arkadiusz, Syrenicz, Anhelli
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153240
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author Pobłocki, Jakub
Pańka, Tamara
Szczuko, Małgorzata
Telesiński, Arkadiusz
Syrenicz, Anhelli
author_facet Pobłocki, Jakub
Pańka, Tamara
Szczuko, Małgorzata
Telesiński, Arkadiusz
Syrenicz, Anhelli
author_sort Pobłocki, Jakub
collection PubMed
description Elimination diets have recently become extremely popular among people with autoimmune diseases. A gluten-free diet is indicated in celiac disease (CD), but some studies show its effectiveness in cases of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of a gluten-free diet is also effective in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroid disease (cAITD), which is the most common thyroid autoimmune pathology associated with chronic inflammation, over-reactivity of the immune system, auto-destruction of thyrocytes and hypothyroidism. The final analysis of the study included 62 Caucasian women randomized into a control group (CG: n = 31) and an experimental group on a gluten-free diet (GFDG: n = 31), were subject to a 12-month follow-up, during which the concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months. During the 12-month follow-up between the CG and the GFDG, no differences were found in anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies, fT3 or fT4 levels, except a significant reduction in TSH levels in the GFDG. Additionally, performed analysis between individual appointments presented no significant differences in changes in the median concentrations of anti-TPO, anti-TG or fT3, but confirmed a significant decrease in TSH and showed accessory an increase in fT4 after 12 months in GFDG. Statistical analyses performed separately for both groups indicated a constant reduction of anti-TG concentrations in the GFDG. In conclusion, a GFD may be administered in cAITD after ruling out celiac disease, but it is necessary to perform more studies to assess if cAITD patients achieve the benefits of following a GFD. Patients with cAITD should be offered proper nutrition education combined with a healthy lifestyle promotion.
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spelling pubmed-83475302021-08-08 Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up Pobłocki, Jakub Pańka, Tamara Szczuko, Małgorzata Telesiński, Arkadiusz Syrenicz, Anhelli J Clin Med Article Elimination diets have recently become extremely popular among people with autoimmune diseases. A gluten-free diet is indicated in celiac disease (CD), but some studies show its effectiveness in cases of autoimmunity. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of a gluten-free diet is also effective in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroid disease (cAITD), which is the most common thyroid autoimmune pathology associated with chronic inflammation, over-reactivity of the immune system, auto-destruction of thyrocytes and hypothyroidism. The final analysis of the study included 62 Caucasian women randomized into a control group (CG: n = 31) and an experimental group on a gluten-free diet (GFDG: n = 31), were subject to a 12-month follow-up, during which the concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH), free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) antibodies were assessed at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months. During the 12-month follow-up between the CG and the GFDG, no differences were found in anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies, fT3 or fT4 levels, except a significant reduction in TSH levels in the GFDG. Additionally, performed analysis between individual appointments presented no significant differences in changes in the median concentrations of anti-TPO, anti-TG or fT3, but confirmed a significant decrease in TSH and showed accessory an increase in fT4 after 12 months in GFDG. Statistical analyses performed separately for both groups indicated a constant reduction of anti-TG concentrations in the GFDG. In conclusion, a GFD may be administered in cAITD after ruling out celiac disease, but it is necessary to perform more studies to assess if cAITD patients achieve the benefits of following a GFD. Patients with cAITD should be offered proper nutrition education combined with a healthy lifestyle promotion. MDPI 2021-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8347530/ /pubmed/34362024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153240 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Pobłocki, Jakub
Pańka, Tamara
Szczuko, Małgorzata
Telesiński, Arkadiusz
Syrenicz, Anhelli
Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title_full Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title_fullStr Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title_full_unstemmed Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title_short Whether a Gluten-Free Diet Should Be Recommended in Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis or Not?—A 12-Month Follow-Up
title_sort whether a gluten-free diet should be recommended in chronic autoimmune thyroiditis or not?—a 12-month follow-up
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347530/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153240
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