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Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies
This study focuses on a commercial plant elicitor based on chitooligosaccharides (BIG(®)), which aids in rice plant growth and disease resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BLB). When the pathogen (Xoo) vigorously attacks rice that has suffered yield losses, it can cause damage in up to 20% of the pl...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347687/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34360756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157990 |
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author | Siriwong, Supatcharee Thepbandit, Wannaporn Hoang, Nguyen Huy Papathoti, Narendra Kumar Teeranitayatarn, Karsidete Saardngen, Tippawun Thumanu, Kanjana Bhavaniramya, Sundaresan Baskaralingam, Vaseeharan Le Thanh, Toan Phansak, Piyaporn Buensanteai, Natthiya |
author_facet | Siriwong, Supatcharee Thepbandit, Wannaporn Hoang, Nguyen Huy Papathoti, Narendra Kumar Teeranitayatarn, Karsidete Saardngen, Tippawun Thumanu, Kanjana Bhavaniramya, Sundaresan Baskaralingam, Vaseeharan Le Thanh, Toan Phansak, Piyaporn Buensanteai, Natthiya |
author_sort | Siriwong, Supatcharee |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study focuses on a commercial plant elicitor based on chitooligosaccharides (BIG(®)), which aids in rice plant growth and disease resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BLB). When the pathogen (Xoo) vigorously attacks rice that has suffered yield losses, it can cause damage in up to 20% of the plant. Furthermore, Xoo is a seed-borne pathogen that can survive in rice seeds for an extended period. In this study, when rice seeds were soaked and sprayed with BIG(®), there was a significant increase in shoot and root length, as well as plant biomass. Furthermore, BIG(®)-treated rice plants showed a significant reduction in BLB severity of more than 33%. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) analysis was used to characterize BIG(®)’s mechanism in the chemical structure of rice leaves. The SR-FTIR results at 1650, 1735, and 1114 cm(−1) indicated changes in biochemical components such as pectins, lignins, proteins, and celluloses. These findings demonstrated that commercial BIG(®) not only increased rice growth but also induced resistance to BLB. The drug’s target enzyme, Xoo 1075 from Xanthomonas oryzae (PDB ID: 5CY8), was analyzed for its interactions with polymer ingredients, specifically chitooligosaccharides, to gain molecular insights down to the atomic level. The results are intriguing, with a strong binding of the chitooligosaccharide polymer with the drug target, revealing 10 hydrogen bonds between the protein and polymer. Overall, the computational analysis supported the experimentally demonstrated strong binding of chitooligosaccharides to the drug target. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8347687 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83476872021-08-08 Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies Siriwong, Supatcharee Thepbandit, Wannaporn Hoang, Nguyen Huy Papathoti, Narendra Kumar Teeranitayatarn, Karsidete Saardngen, Tippawun Thumanu, Kanjana Bhavaniramya, Sundaresan Baskaralingam, Vaseeharan Le Thanh, Toan Phansak, Piyaporn Buensanteai, Natthiya Int J Mol Sci Article This study focuses on a commercial plant elicitor based on chitooligosaccharides (BIG(®)), which aids in rice plant growth and disease resistance to bacterial leaf blight (BLB). When the pathogen (Xoo) vigorously attacks rice that has suffered yield losses, it can cause damage in up to 20% of the plant. Furthermore, Xoo is a seed-borne pathogen that can survive in rice seeds for an extended period. In this study, when rice seeds were soaked and sprayed with BIG(®), there was a significant increase in shoot and root length, as well as plant biomass. Furthermore, BIG(®)-treated rice plants showed a significant reduction in BLB severity of more than 33%. Synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) analysis was used to characterize BIG(®)’s mechanism in the chemical structure of rice leaves. The SR-FTIR results at 1650, 1735, and 1114 cm(−1) indicated changes in biochemical components such as pectins, lignins, proteins, and celluloses. These findings demonstrated that commercial BIG(®) not only increased rice growth but also induced resistance to BLB. The drug’s target enzyme, Xoo 1075 from Xanthomonas oryzae (PDB ID: 5CY8), was analyzed for its interactions with polymer ingredients, specifically chitooligosaccharides, to gain molecular insights down to the atomic level. The results are intriguing, with a strong binding of the chitooligosaccharide polymer with the drug target, revealing 10 hydrogen bonds between the protein and polymer. Overall, the computational analysis supported the experimentally demonstrated strong binding of chitooligosaccharides to the drug target. MDPI 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8347687/ /pubmed/34360756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157990 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Siriwong, Supatcharee Thepbandit, Wannaporn Hoang, Nguyen Huy Papathoti, Narendra Kumar Teeranitayatarn, Karsidete Saardngen, Tippawun Thumanu, Kanjana Bhavaniramya, Sundaresan Baskaralingam, Vaseeharan Le Thanh, Toan Phansak, Piyaporn Buensanteai, Natthiya Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title | Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title_full | Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title_fullStr | Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title_full_unstemmed | Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title_short | Identification of a Chitooligosaccharide Mechanism against Bacterial Leaf Blight on Rice by In Vitro and In Silico Studies |
title_sort | identification of a chitooligosaccharide mechanism against bacterial leaf blight on rice by in vitro and in silico studies |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347687/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34360756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22157990 |
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