Cargando…

Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products

Limonene is a monoterpene confined to the family of Rutaceae, showing several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antinociceptive and gastroprotective characteristics. Recently, there is notable interest in investigating the pharmacological effects of limonene i...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Eddin, Lujain Bader, Jha, Niraj Kumar, Meeran, M. F. Nagoor, Kesari, Kavindra Kumar, Beiram, Rami, Ojha, Shreesh
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34361686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154535
_version_ 1783735255891443712
author Eddin, Lujain Bader
Jha, Niraj Kumar
Meeran, M. F. Nagoor
Kesari, Kavindra Kumar
Beiram, Rami
Ojha, Shreesh
author_facet Eddin, Lujain Bader
Jha, Niraj Kumar
Meeran, M. F. Nagoor
Kesari, Kavindra Kumar
Beiram, Rami
Ojha, Shreesh
author_sort Eddin, Lujain Bader
collection PubMed
description Limonene is a monoterpene confined to the family of Rutaceae, showing several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antinociceptive and gastroprotective characteristics. Recently, there is notable interest in investigating the pharmacological effects of limonene in various chronic diseases due to its mitigating effect on oxidative stress and inflammation and regulating apoptotic cell death. There are several available studies demonstrating the neuroprotective role of limonene in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, anxiety, and stroke. The high abundance of limonene in nature, its safety profile, and various mechanisms of action make this monoterpene a favorable molecule to be developed as a nutraceutical for preventive purposes and as an alternative agent or adjuvant to modern therapeutic drugs in curbing the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the available scientific literature discussing the pharmacological activities of limonene or plant products containing limonene which attribute to the protective and therapeutic ability in neurodegenerative disorders. This review has been compiled based on the existing published articles confined to limonene or limonene-containing natural products investigated for their neurotherapeutic or neuroprotective potential. All the articles available in English or the abstract in English were extracted from different databases that offer an access to diverse journals. These databases are PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Collectively, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective potential of limonene against neurodegenerative and other neuroinflammatory diseases. The available data are indicative of the nutritional use of products containing limonene and the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of limonene and may direct future preclinical and clinical studies for the development of limonene as an alternative or complementary phytomedicine. The pharmacophore can also provide a blueprint for further drug discovery using numerous drug discovery tools.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8348102
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-83481022021-08-08 Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products Eddin, Lujain Bader Jha, Niraj Kumar Meeran, M. F. Nagoor Kesari, Kavindra Kumar Beiram, Rami Ojha, Shreesh Molecules Review Limonene is a monoterpene confined to the family of Rutaceae, showing several biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antinociceptive and gastroprotective characteristics. Recently, there is notable interest in investigating the pharmacological effects of limonene in various chronic diseases due to its mitigating effect on oxidative stress and inflammation and regulating apoptotic cell death. There are several available studies demonstrating the neuroprotective role of limonene in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, anxiety, and stroke. The high abundance of limonene in nature, its safety profile, and various mechanisms of action make this monoterpene a favorable molecule to be developed as a nutraceutical for preventive purposes and as an alternative agent or adjuvant to modern therapeutic drugs in curbing the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of the available scientific literature discussing the pharmacological activities of limonene or plant products containing limonene which attribute to the protective and therapeutic ability in neurodegenerative disorders. This review has been compiled based on the existing published articles confined to limonene or limonene-containing natural products investigated for their neurotherapeutic or neuroprotective potential. All the articles available in English or the abstract in English were extracted from different databases that offer an access to diverse journals. These databases are PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Collectively, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective potential of limonene against neurodegenerative and other neuroinflammatory diseases. The available data are indicative of the nutritional use of products containing limonene and the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of limonene and may direct future preclinical and clinical studies for the development of limonene as an alternative or complementary phytomedicine. The pharmacophore can also provide a blueprint for further drug discovery using numerous drug discovery tools. MDPI 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8348102/ /pubmed/34361686 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154535 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Eddin, Lujain Bader
Jha, Niraj Kumar
Meeran, M. F. Nagoor
Kesari, Kavindra Kumar
Beiram, Rami
Ojha, Shreesh
Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title_full Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title_fullStr Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title_full_unstemmed Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title_short Neuroprotective Potential of Limonene and Limonene Containing Natural Products
title_sort neuroprotective potential of limonene and limonene containing natural products
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348102/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34361686
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154535
work_keys_str_mv AT eddinlujainbader neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts
AT jhanirajkumar neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts
AT meeranmfnagoor neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts
AT kesarikavindrakumar neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts
AT beiramrami neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts
AT ojhashreesh neuroprotectivepotentialoflimoneneandlimonenecontainingnaturalproducts