Cargando…

Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive disease in which there is a persistent, abnormal increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension are nonspecific and mainly associated with progressive right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of PAH is a multiste...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Topyła-Putowska, Weronika, Tomaszewski, Michał, Wysokiński, Andrzej, Tomaszewski, Andrzej
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153229
_version_ 1783735339704123392
author Topyła-Putowska, Weronika
Tomaszewski, Michał
Wysokiński, Andrzej
Tomaszewski, Andrzej
author_facet Topyła-Putowska, Weronika
Tomaszewski, Michał
Wysokiński, Andrzej
Tomaszewski, Andrzej
author_sort Topyła-Putowska, Weronika
collection PubMed
description Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive disease in which there is a persistent, abnormal increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension are nonspecific and mainly associated with progressive right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of PAH is a multistep process and often requires the skillful use of several tests. The gold standard for the diagnosis of PAH is hemodynamic testing. Echocardiography currently plays an important role in the diagnostic algorithm of PAH as it is minimally invasive and readily available. Moreover, many echocardiographic parameters are closely related to pulmonary hemodynamics. It allows assessment of the right heart′s structure and function, estimation of the pressure in the right ventricle, right atrium, and pulmonary trunk, and exclusion of other causes of elevated pulmonary bed pressure. Echocardiographic techniques are constantly evolving, and recently, measurements made using new techniques, especially 3D visualization, have become increasingly important. In echocardiographic assessment, it is crucial to know current guidelines and new reports that organize the methodology and allow standardization of the examination. This review aims to discuss the different echocardiographic techniques used to evaluate patients with PAH.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8348437
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-83484372021-08-08 Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations Topyła-Putowska, Weronika Tomaszewski, Michał Wysokiński, Andrzej Tomaszewski, Andrzej J Clin Med Review Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, progressive disease in which there is a persistent, abnormal increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Symptoms of pulmonary hypertension are nonspecific and mainly associated with progressive right ventricular failure. The diagnosis of PAH is a multistep process and often requires the skillful use of several tests. The gold standard for the diagnosis of PAH is hemodynamic testing. Echocardiography currently plays an important role in the diagnostic algorithm of PAH as it is minimally invasive and readily available. Moreover, many echocardiographic parameters are closely related to pulmonary hemodynamics. It allows assessment of the right heart′s structure and function, estimation of the pressure in the right ventricle, right atrium, and pulmonary trunk, and exclusion of other causes of elevated pulmonary bed pressure. Echocardiographic techniques are constantly evolving, and recently, measurements made using new techniques, especially 3D visualization, have become increasingly important. In echocardiographic assessment, it is crucial to know current guidelines and new reports that organize the methodology and allow standardization of the examination. This review aims to discuss the different echocardiographic techniques used to evaluate patients with PAH. MDPI 2021-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8348437/ /pubmed/34362015 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153229 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Topyła-Putowska, Weronika
Tomaszewski, Michał
Wysokiński, Andrzej
Tomaszewski, Andrzej
Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title_full Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title_fullStr Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title_full_unstemmed Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title_short Echocardiography in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Comprehensive Evaluation and Technical Considerations
title_sort echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertension: comprehensive evaluation and technical considerations
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362015
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153229
work_keys_str_mv AT topyłaputowskaweronika echocardiographyinpulmonaryarterialhypertensioncomprehensiveevaluationandtechnicalconsiderations
AT tomaszewskimichał echocardiographyinpulmonaryarterialhypertensioncomprehensiveevaluationandtechnicalconsiderations
AT wysokinskiandrzej echocardiographyinpulmonaryarterialhypertensioncomprehensiveevaluationandtechnicalconsiderations
AT tomaszewskiandrzej echocardiographyinpulmonaryarterialhypertensioncomprehensiveevaluationandtechnicalconsiderations