Cargando…
Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops almost entirely in the presence of chronic inflammation. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with recurrent immune-mediated liver damage ultimately leads to cirrhosis and HCC. It is widely accepted that HBV infection induces the dysfunction of the innate...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34360777 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158011 |
_version_ | 1783735347890356224 |
---|---|
author | Cho, Hyo-Jung Cheong, Jae-Youn |
author_facet | Cho, Hyo-Jung Cheong, Jae-Youn |
author_sort | Cho, Hyo-Jung |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops almost entirely in the presence of chronic inflammation. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with recurrent immune-mediated liver damage ultimately leads to cirrhosis and HCC. It is widely accepted that HBV infection induces the dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune responses that engage various immune cells. Natural killer (NK) cells are associated with early antiviral and antitumor properties. On the other hand, inflammatory cells release various cytokines and chemokines that may promote HCC tumorigenesis. Moreover, immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressive cells play a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. HBV-specific CD8+ T cells have been identified as pivotal players in antiviral responses, whilst extremely activated CD8+ T cells induce enormous inflammatory responses, and chronic inflammation can facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. Controlling and maintaining the balance in the immune system is an important aspect in the management of HBV-related HCC. We conducted a review of the current knowledge on the immunopathogenesis of HBV-induced inflammation and the role of such immune activation in the tumorigenesis of HCC based on the recent studies on innate and adaptive immune cell dysfunction in HBV-related HCC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8348470 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83484702021-08-08 Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cho, Hyo-Jung Cheong, Jae-Youn Int J Mol Sci Review Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) develops almost entirely in the presence of chronic inflammation. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection with recurrent immune-mediated liver damage ultimately leads to cirrhosis and HCC. It is widely accepted that HBV infection induces the dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immune responses that engage various immune cells. Natural killer (NK) cells are associated with early antiviral and antitumor properties. On the other hand, inflammatory cells release various cytokines and chemokines that may promote HCC tumorigenesis. Moreover, immunosuppressive cells such as regulatory T cells (Treg) and myeloid-derived suppressive cells play a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. HBV-specific CD8+ T cells have been identified as pivotal players in antiviral responses, whilst extremely activated CD8+ T cells induce enormous inflammatory responses, and chronic inflammation can facilitate hepatocarcinogenesis. Controlling and maintaining the balance in the immune system is an important aspect in the management of HBV-related HCC. We conducted a review of the current knowledge on the immunopathogenesis of HBV-induced inflammation and the role of such immune activation in the tumorigenesis of HCC based on the recent studies on innate and adaptive immune cell dysfunction in HBV-related HCC. MDPI 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8348470/ /pubmed/34360777 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158011 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Cho, Hyo-Jung Cheong, Jae-Youn Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title | Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full | Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_short | Role of Immune Cells in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_sort | role of immune cells in patients with hepatitis b virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348470/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34360777 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22158011 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT chohyojung roleofimmunecellsinpatientswithhepatitisbvirusrelatedhepatocellularcarcinoma AT cheongjaeyoun roleofimmunecellsinpatientswithhepatitisbvirusrelatedhepatocellularcarcinoma |