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COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and limited access to healthcare professionals pose a serious risk of worsening mental conditions. This study was designed to examine the changes in symptoms of insomnia and depression during the pandemic as compared to before the pandemic, as well as the factors co...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348989/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153425 |
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author | Klimkiewicz, Anna Jasionowska, Joanna Schmalenberg, Adrianna Klimkiewicz, Jakub Jasińska, Agata Silczuk, Andrzej |
author_facet | Klimkiewicz, Anna Jasionowska, Joanna Schmalenberg, Adrianna Klimkiewicz, Jakub Jasińska, Agata Silczuk, Andrzej |
author_sort | Klimkiewicz, Anna |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and limited access to healthcare professionals pose a serious risk of worsening mental conditions. This study was designed to examine the changes in symptoms of insomnia and depression during the pandemic as compared to before the pandemic, as well as the factors correlated with abovementioned mental state deterioration. Methods: The study was conducted from 1 April to 15 May 2020, on 212 psychiatric outpatients and 207 healthy controls. Participants completed a survey focused on symptoms during and prior to COVID-19 (the Beck Depression Inventory, the Athens Insomnia Scale). The following correlations were analyzed: demographics, social support, work status, income, and possible participants’ and their relatives’ COVID-19 diagnoses. Results: Insomnia and depression severity intensified during the pandemic in both groups and were associated with age, gender, education, employment, and financial status. No correlations between social support nor becoming sick with COVID-19 and insomnia or depression were observed. Maintaining work and enough money for one’s own needs were found to be significant protective factors of depression (OR 0.37 and 0.29, respectively). Conclusions: Exacerbation of insomnia and depression during the pandemic needs to be addressed. Economic crisis seems to influence mental state even more than COVID diagnosis among study subjects/relatives. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8348989 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83489892021-08-08 COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population Klimkiewicz, Anna Jasionowska, Joanna Schmalenberg, Adrianna Klimkiewicz, Jakub Jasińska, Agata Silczuk, Andrzej J Clin Med Article Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and limited access to healthcare professionals pose a serious risk of worsening mental conditions. This study was designed to examine the changes in symptoms of insomnia and depression during the pandemic as compared to before the pandemic, as well as the factors correlated with abovementioned mental state deterioration. Methods: The study was conducted from 1 April to 15 May 2020, on 212 psychiatric outpatients and 207 healthy controls. Participants completed a survey focused on symptoms during and prior to COVID-19 (the Beck Depression Inventory, the Athens Insomnia Scale). The following correlations were analyzed: demographics, social support, work status, income, and possible participants’ and their relatives’ COVID-19 diagnoses. Results: Insomnia and depression severity intensified during the pandemic in both groups and were associated with age, gender, education, employment, and financial status. No correlations between social support nor becoming sick with COVID-19 and insomnia or depression were observed. Maintaining work and enough money for one’s own needs were found to be significant protective factors of depression (OR 0.37 and 0.29, respectively). Conclusions: Exacerbation of insomnia and depression during the pandemic needs to be addressed. Economic crisis seems to influence mental state even more than COVID diagnosis among study subjects/relatives. MDPI 2021-07-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8348989/ /pubmed/34362208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153425 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Klimkiewicz, Anna Jasionowska, Joanna Schmalenberg, Adrianna Klimkiewicz, Jakub Jasińska, Agata Silczuk, Andrzej COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title | COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title_full | COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title_short | COVID-19 Pandemic-Related Depression and Insomnia among Psychiatric Patients and the General Population |
title_sort | covid-19 pandemic-related depression and insomnia among psychiatric patients and the general population |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8348989/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34362208 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153425 |
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