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Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them?
Fusarium mycotoxins represent a major threat for cereal crops and food safety. While previous investigations have described plant biotransforming properties on mycotoxins or metabolic relapses of fungal infections in plants, so far, the potential consequences of radical exposure in healthy crops are...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8350570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.711389 |
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author | Righetti, Laura Bhandari, Dhaka Ram Rolli, Enrico Tortorella, Sara Bruni, Renato Dall’Asta, Chiara Spengler, Bernhard |
author_facet | Righetti, Laura Bhandari, Dhaka Ram Rolli, Enrico Tortorella, Sara Bruni, Renato Dall’Asta, Chiara Spengler, Bernhard |
author_sort | Righetti, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Fusarium mycotoxins represent a major threat for cereal crops and food safety. While previous investigations have described plant biotransforming properties on mycotoxins or metabolic relapses of fungal infections in plants, so far, the potential consequences of radical exposure in healthy crops are mostly unknown. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating whether the exposure to mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), at the plant-soil interface may be considered a form of biotic stress capable of inducing priming or a potential initiation of fungal attack. To address this, we used atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the activation or the inhibition of specific biosynthetic pathways and in situ localization of primary and secondary metabolites in wheat. According to our untargeted metabolomics investigation, the translocation of plant defense metabolites (i.e., hydroxycinnamic acid amide and flavones) follows the mycotoxin accumulation organs, which is the root for ZEN-treated plantlet and culm for DON-treated sample, suggesting a local “defense-on-demand response.” Therefore, it can be hypothesized that DON and ZEN are involved in the eavesdropping of Fusarium presence in soil and that wheat response based on secondary metabolites may operate on multiple organs with a potential interplay that involves masked mycotoxins. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8350570 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83505702021-08-10 Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? Righetti, Laura Bhandari, Dhaka Ram Rolli, Enrico Tortorella, Sara Bruni, Renato Dall’Asta, Chiara Spengler, Bernhard Front Plant Sci Plant Science Fusarium mycotoxins represent a major threat for cereal crops and food safety. While previous investigations have described plant biotransforming properties on mycotoxins or metabolic relapses of fungal infections in plants, so far, the potential consequences of radical exposure in healthy crops are mostly unknown. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating whether the exposure to mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), at the plant-soil interface may be considered a form of biotic stress capable of inducing priming or a potential initiation of fungal attack. To address this, we used atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging to investigate the activation or the inhibition of specific biosynthetic pathways and in situ localization of primary and secondary metabolites in wheat. According to our untargeted metabolomics investigation, the translocation of plant defense metabolites (i.e., hydroxycinnamic acid amide and flavones) follows the mycotoxin accumulation organs, which is the root for ZEN-treated plantlet and culm for DON-treated sample, suggesting a local “defense-on-demand response.” Therefore, it can be hypothesized that DON and ZEN are involved in the eavesdropping of Fusarium presence in soil and that wheat response based on secondary metabolites may operate on multiple organs with a potential interplay that involves masked mycotoxins. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8350570/ /pubmed/34381485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.711389 Text en Copyright © 2021 Righetti, Bhandari, Rolli, Tortorella, Bruni, Dall’Asta and Spengler. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Righetti, Laura Bhandari, Dhaka Ram Rolli, Enrico Tortorella, Sara Bruni, Renato Dall’Asta, Chiara Spengler, Bernhard Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title | Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title_full | Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title_fullStr | Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title_full_unstemmed | Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title_short | Mycotoxin Uptake in Wheat — Eavesdropping Fusarium Presence for Priming Plant Defenses or a Trojan Horse to Weaken Them? |
title_sort | mycotoxin uptake in wheat — eavesdropping fusarium presence for priming plant defenses or a trojan horse to weaken them? |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8350570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381485 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.711389 |
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