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Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors
Safflower is widely used in dying and in traditional medicine, and C-glucosylquinochalcones are the main metabolic species in the red color of safflower. Various safflower cultivars have flowers with different colors. However, the metabolic and transcriptional differences among safflower cultivars w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8351732/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381487 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.712038 |
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author | Wang, Rui Ren, Chaoxiang Dong, Shuai Chen, Chao Xian, Bin Wu, Qinghua Wang, Jie Pei, Jin Chen, Jiang |
author_facet | Wang, Rui Ren, Chaoxiang Dong, Shuai Chen, Chao Xian, Bin Wu, Qinghua Wang, Jie Pei, Jin Chen, Jiang |
author_sort | Wang, Rui |
collection | PubMed |
description | Safflower is widely used in dying and in traditional medicine, and C-glucosylquinochalcones are the main metabolic species in the red color of safflower. Various safflower cultivars have flowers with different colors. However, the metabolic and transcriptional differences among safflower cultivars with different-colored flowers and the genes participating in C-glucosylquinochalcone biosynthesis are largely unknown. To provide insights on this issue, we performed integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analyses on the flavonoid biosynthesis of flowers of different colors in safflower (white-W, yellow-Y, light red-LR, and deep red-DR). The metabolic analysis showed that flavonoid metabolites showed great differences among the different colors of safflower. More flavonoid metabolic species were detected in Y and W, while C-glucosylquinochalcones were not detected in W. The content of C-glucosylquinochalcones increased with increasing color. Transcriptional analysis showed that most of the annotated flavonoid biosynthesis genes were significantly increased in W. The expression of genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis decreased with increasing color. We analyzed the candidate genes associated with C-glucosylquinochalcones, and an integration of the metabolic and transcriptional analyses indicated that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene is one of the main reasons for the difference in flavonoid species and content among the different colors of safflower. Combined with the expression pattern analysis, these results indicated that HH_035319, HH_032689, and HH_018025 are likely involved in C-glucosylquinochalcones biosynthesis. In addition, we found that their expression showed greatly increased after the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Therefore, HH_035319, HH_032689, and HH_018025 might participate in C-glucosylquinochalcone biosynthesis, which ultimately leads to the red color in safflower. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8351732 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83517322021-08-10 Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors Wang, Rui Ren, Chaoxiang Dong, Shuai Chen, Chao Xian, Bin Wu, Qinghua Wang, Jie Pei, Jin Chen, Jiang Front Plant Sci Plant Science Safflower is widely used in dying and in traditional medicine, and C-glucosylquinochalcones are the main metabolic species in the red color of safflower. Various safflower cultivars have flowers with different colors. However, the metabolic and transcriptional differences among safflower cultivars with different-colored flowers and the genes participating in C-glucosylquinochalcone biosynthesis are largely unknown. To provide insights on this issue, we performed integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analyses on the flavonoid biosynthesis of flowers of different colors in safflower (white-W, yellow-Y, light red-LR, and deep red-DR). The metabolic analysis showed that flavonoid metabolites showed great differences among the different colors of safflower. More flavonoid metabolic species were detected in Y and W, while C-glucosylquinochalcones were not detected in W. The content of C-glucosylquinochalcones increased with increasing color. Transcriptional analysis showed that most of the annotated flavonoid biosynthesis genes were significantly increased in W. The expression of genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis decreased with increasing color. We analyzed the candidate genes associated with C-glucosylquinochalcones, and an integration of the metabolic and transcriptional analyses indicated that the differential expression of the chalcone synthase (CHS) gene is one of the main reasons for the difference in flavonoid species and content among the different colors of safflower. Combined with the expression pattern analysis, these results indicated that HH_035319, HH_032689, and HH_018025 are likely involved in C-glucosylquinochalcones biosynthesis. In addition, we found that their expression showed greatly increased after the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Therefore, HH_035319, HH_032689, and HH_018025 might participate in C-glucosylquinochalcone biosynthesis, which ultimately leads to the red color in safflower. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8351732/ /pubmed/34381487 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.712038 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wang, Ren, Dong, Chen, Xian, Wu, Wang, Pei and Chen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Wang, Rui Ren, Chaoxiang Dong, Shuai Chen, Chao Xian, Bin Wu, Qinghua Wang, Jie Pei, Jin Chen, Jiang Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title | Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title_full | Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title_fullStr | Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title_short | Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis of Flavonoid Biosynthesis in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) With Different Colors |
title_sort | integrated metabolomics and transcriptome analysis of flavonoid biosynthesis in safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) with different colors |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8351732/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381487 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.712038 |
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