Effect of indirect ultrasonic activation of modified bioceramic materials on the bond strength and tubular penetration in root canals

BACKGROUND: To maintain the integrity of the interface between root canal filling and radicular dentin an ideal endodontic biomaterial should have good adhesion. This study was aimed to evaluate the bond strength and tubular penetration of modified bioceramic materials by indirect ultrasonic activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the present in vitro experimental study, 120 coronal root slices of 2 mm were prepared from mandibular premolars and randomly divided into six groups (n = 20) in accordance to placement techniques: Group I: Nano Biodentine-manual, Group II: CaCl(2) modified ProRootMTA-manual (MM), Group III: Biodentine-manual, Group IV: Nano Biodentine: Ultrasonic, Group V: CaCl(2) modified ProRootMTA-ultrasonic, and Group VI: Biodentine-ultrasonic (BDU). The samples were kept in humidifier for 4 days at 37°C and push out bond strength, sealer penetration were evaluated using an universal testing machine and confocal laser scanning microscope respectively. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS software by using One-way ANOVA for overall significance and Tukey's multiple post hoc test for intergroup comparison (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Highest push out bond strength and greater tubular penetration were observed with Group VI (BDU), while the lowest bond strength and tubular penetration were associated with Group II (MM). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of current study it was observed that Biodentine with indirect ultrasonic activation has resulted in highest pushout bond strength among all the study groups.