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Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards

Excessive precipitation events have greatly increased in several grape growing regions due to human-caused climate change. These heavy downpours result in a myriad of problems in the vineyard including soil aggregate breakdown, soil runoff, nutrient leaching, excessive vine vegetative growth, and di...

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Autores principales: Vanden Heuvel, Justine, Centinari, Michela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8352556/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.713135
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author Vanden Heuvel, Justine
Centinari, Michela
author_facet Vanden Heuvel, Justine
Centinari, Michela
author_sort Vanden Heuvel, Justine
collection PubMed
description Excessive precipitation events have greatly increased in several grape growing regions due to human-caused climate change. These heavy downpours result in a myriad of problems in the vineyard including soil aggregate breakdown, soil runoff, nutrient leaching, excessive vine vegetative growth, and diseased fruit. The negative impacts of excessive precipitation events on vineyards are exacerbated by the maintenance of bare soil under the vines. Exposure of bare soil results in soil erosion and runoff which pollutes nearby watersheds; raindrops weaken and break apart soil aggregates, leading to increased soil erosivity and contributing to the formation of surface crusts. In addition to excessive precipitation events, some grape growing regions can be characterized by fertile soils. The availability of ample water and nutrients can lead to highly vigorous vines with shoot growth continuing through harvest. Long shoots and large leaves result in shaded fruit, a humid vine microclimate, and excessive cluster rot. In this review, we examined how either natural (i.e., resident) or seeded under-vine vegetation (UVV) can help mitigate many of the problems associated with excessive precipitation. Through providing vegetative coverage to reduce the force of raindrops, increasing soil organic matter and enhancing soil microbial diversity, UVV can reduce the soil degradation and off-site impacts caused by excessive precipitation events. Through competition for soil resources, UVV can reduce excessive vegetative growth of vines and decrease cluster rot incidence and severity, although grapevine response to UVV can be highly variable. We discussed recent advances in understanding below and aboveground vine response and acclimation to UVV and presented current evidence of factors influencing the impact of UVV on vine growth and productivity to assist practitioners in making informed decisions and maximize the ecosystem services provided by UVV.
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spelling pubmed-83525562021-08-10 Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards Vanden Heuvel, Justine Centinari, Michela Front Plant Sci Plant Science Excessive precipitation events have greatly increased in several grape growing regions due to human-caused climate change. These heavy downpours result in a myriad of problems in the vineyard including soil aggregate breakdown, soil runoff, nutrient leaching, excessive vine vegetative growth, and diseased fruit. The negative impacts of excessive precipitation events on vineyards are exacerbated by the maintenance of bare soil under the vines. Exposure of bare soil results in soil erosion and runoff which pollutes nearby watersheds; raindrops weaken and break apart soil aggregates, leading to increased soil erosivity and contributing to the formation of surface crusts. In addition to excessive precipitation events, some grape growing regions can be characterized by fertile soils. The availability of ample water and nutrients can lead to highly vigorous vines with shoot growth continuing through harvest. Long shoots and large leaves result in shaded fruit, a humid vine microclimate, and excessive cluster rot. In this review, we examined how either natural (i.e., resident) or seeded under-vine vegetation (UVV) can help mitigate many of the problems associated with excessive precipitation. Through providing vegetative coverage to reduce the force of raindrops, increasing soil organic matter and enhancing soil microbial diversity, UVV can reduce the soil degradation and off-site impacts caused by excessive precipitation events. Through competition for soil resources, UVV can reduce excessive vegetative growth of vines and decrease cluster rot incidence and severity, although grapevine response to UVV can be highly variable. We discussed recent advances in understanding below and aboveground vine response and acclimation to UVV and presented current evidence of factors influencing the impact of UVV on vine growth and productivity to assist practitioners in making informed decisions and maximize the ecosystem services provided by UVV. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8352556/ /pubmed/34381488 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.713135 Text en Copyright © 2021 Vanden Heuvel and Centinari. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Vanden Heuvel, Justine
Centinari, Michela
Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title_full Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title_fullStr Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title_full_unstemmed Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title_short Under-Vine Vegetation Mitigates the Impacts of Excessive Precipitation in Vineyards
title_sort under-vine vegetation mitigates the impacts of excessive precipitation in vineyards
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8352556/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34381488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.713135
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