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Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review

INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of COVID-19 has been caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Apart from respiratory malfunction, COVID-19 causes a system-wide thromboembolic state, leading to serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular manifes...

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Autores principales: Sen, Sagnik, Kannan, Naresh Babu, Kumar, Jayant, Rajan, Renu P., Kumar, Karthik, Baliga, Girish, Reddy, Harshavardhan, Upadhyay, Anubhav, Ramasamy, Kim
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8356207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34379290
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01996-7
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author Sen, Sagnik
Kannan, Naresh Babu
Kumar, Jayant
Rajan, Renu P.
Kumar, Karthik
Baliga, Girish
Reddy, Harshavardhan
Upadhyay, Anubhav
Ramasamy, Kim
author_facet Sen, Sagnik
Kannan, Naresh Babu
Kumar, Jayant
Rajan, Renu P.
Kumar, Karthik
Baliga, Girish
Reddy, Harshavardhan
Upadhyay, Anubhav
Ramasamy, Kim
author_sort Sen, Sagnik
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of COVID-19 has been caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Apart from respiratory malfunction, COVID-19 causes a system-wide thromboembolic state, leading to serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular manifestations. However, our knowledge regarding retinal manifestations due to systemic COVID-19 is minimal. This systematic review has comprehensively summarized all retinal manifestations secondary to COVID-19 disease recorded till date since the beginning of the pandemic. METHODS: All studies published till November 27, 2020, which have reported retinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients were systematically reviewed using the PRISMA statement. RESULTS: We included 15 articles: 11 case reports and four cross-sectional case series. The most commonly reported manifestations which did not affect visual acuity were retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots. The most common vision threatening manifestation was retinal vein occlusion with associated macular edema. Rarely, patients may also present with retinal arterial occlusions and ocular inflammation. These manifestations may occur from as soon as within a week after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms to more than 6 weeks after. CONCLUSION: Mostly causing milder disease, COVID-19 may however lead to severe life-threatening thromboembolic complications, and systemic antithrombotic therapy has been suggested as a prophylactic and therapeutic management strategy for patients affected with serious systemic disease. However, both sick and apparently healthy patients may suffer from various retinal complications which may lead to loss of vision as well. No consensus regarding management of retinal complications with anticoagulants or anti-inflammatory medications have been proposed; however, they may be tackled on individual basis.
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spelling pubmed-83562072021-08-11 Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review Sen, Sagnik Kannan, Naresh Babu Kumar, Jayant Rajan, Renu P. Kumar, Karthik Baliga, Girish Reddy, Harshavardhan Upadhyay, Anubhav Ramasamy, Kim Int Ophthalmol Review INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of COVID-19 has been caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. Apart from respiratory malfunction, COVID-19 causes a system-wide thromboembolic state, leading to serious cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular manifestations. However, our knowledge regarding retinal manifestations due to systemic COVID-19 is minimal. This systematic review has comprehensively summarized all retinal manifestations secondary to COVID-19 disease recorded till date since the beginning of the pandemic. METHODS: All studies published till November 27, 2020, which have reported retinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients were systematically reviewed using the PRISMA statement. RESULTS: We included 15 articles: 11 case reports and four cross-sectional case series. The most commonly reported manifestations which did not affect visual acuity were retinal hemorrhages and cotton wool spots. The most common vision threatening manifestation was retinal vein occlusion with associated macular edema. Rarely, patients may also present with retinal arterial occlusions and ocular inflammation. These manifestations may occur from as soon as within a week after the onset of COVID-19 symptoms to more than 6 weeks after. CONCLUSION: Mostly causing milder disease, COVID-19 may however lead to severe life-threatening thromboembolic complications, and systemic antithrombotic therapy has been suggested as a prophylactic and therapeutic management strategy for patients affected with serious systemic disease. However, both sick and apparently healthy patients may suffer from various retinal complications which may lead to loss of vision as well. No consensus regarding management of retinal complications with anticoagulants or anti-inflammatory medications have been proposed; however, they may be tackled on individual basis. Springer Netherlands 2021-08-11 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8356207/ /pubmed/34379290 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01996-7 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Review
Sen, Sagnik
Kannan, Naresh Babu
Kumar, Jayant
Rajan, Renu P.
Kumar, Karthik
Baliga, Girish
Reddy, Harshavardhan
Upadhyay, Anubhav
Ramasamy, Kim
Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title_full Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title_fullStr Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title_full_unstemmed Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title_short Retinal manifestations in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
title_sort retinal manifestations in patients with sars-cov-2 infection and pathogenetic implications: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8356207/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34379290
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01996-7
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