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Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urba...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8360525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34383791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791 |
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author | Reichenbach, Marion Pinto, Ana König, Sven Bhatta, Raghavendra Schlecht, Eva |
author_facet | Reichenbach, Marion Pinto, Ana König, Sven Bhatta, Raghavendra Schlecht, Eva |
author_sort | Reichenbach, Marion |
collection | PubMed |
description | Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urban and peri-urban dairy producers. To study the impacts of urbanization on dairy production and to identify key features of dairy production systems across Bengaluru’s rural-urban interface, 337 dairy producers were surveyed on the socio-economic profile of their household, their dairy herd and management, resources availability and, in- and output markets. A two-step cluster analysis identified four spatially explicit dairy production systems based on urbanization level of their neighborhood, reliance on self-cultivated forages, pasture use, cattle in- and outflow and share of specialized dairy genotypes. The most extensive dairy production system, common to the whole rural-urban interface, utilized publicly available feed resources and pasture grounds rather than to cultivate forages. In rural areas, two semi-intensive and one intensive dairy production systems relying on self-cultivation of forage with or without pasture further distinguished themselves by their herd and breeding management. In rural areas, the village’s dairy cooperative, which also provided access to inputs such as exotic genotype through artificial insemination, concentrate feeds and health care, was often the only marketing channel available to dairy producers, irrespective of the dairy production system to which they belonged. In urban areas, milk was mostly sold through direct marketing or a middleman. Despite rapidly progressing urbanization and a population of 10 million, Bengaluru’s dairy sector still relies on small-scale family dairy farms. Shifts in resources availability, such as land and labor, are potential drivers of market-oriented intensification but also extensification of dairy production in an urbanizing environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8360525 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83605252021-08-13 Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India Reichenbach, Marion Pinto, Ana König, Sven Bhatta, Raghavendra Schlecht, Eva PLoS One Research Article Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urban and peri-urban dairy producers. To study the impacts of urbanization on dairy production and to identify key features of dairy production systems across Bengaluru’s rural-urban interface, 337 dairy producers were surveyed on the socio-economic profile of their household, their dairy herd and management, resources availability and, in- and output markets. A two-step cluster analysis identified four spatially explicit dairy production systems based on urbanization level of their neighborhood, reliance on self-cultivated forages, pasture use, cattle in- and outflow and share of specialized dairy genotypes. The most extensive dairy production system, common to the whole rural-urban interface, utilized publicly available feed resources and pasture grounds rather than to cultivate forages. In rural areas, two semi-intensive and one intensive dairy production systems relying on self-cultivation of forage with or without pasture further distinguished themselves by their herd and breeding management. In rural areas, the village’s dairy cooperative, which also provided access to inputs such as exotic genotype through artificial insemination, concentrate feeds and health care, was often the only marketing channel available to dairy producers, irrespective of the dairy production system to which they belonged. In urban areas, milk was mostly sold through direct marketing or a middleman. Despite rapidly progressing urbanization and a population of 10 million, Bengaluru’s dairy sector still relies on small-scale family dairy farms. Shifts in resources availability, such as land and labor, are potential drivers of market-oriented intensification but also extensification of dairy production in an urbanizing environment. Public Library of Science 2021-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8360525/ /pubmed/34383791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791 Text en © 2021 Reichenbach et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Reichenbach, Marion Pinto, Ana König, Sven Bhatta, Raghavendra Schlecht, Eva Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title | Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title_full | Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title_fullStr | Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title_full_unstemmed | Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title_short | Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India |
title_sort | dairy production in an urbanizing environment—typology and linkages in the megacity of bengaluru, india |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8360525/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34383791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791 |
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