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Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India

Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urba...

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Autores principales: Reichenbach, Marion, Pinto, Ana, König, Sven, Bhatta, Raghavendra, Schlecht, Eva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8360525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34383791
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791
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author Reichenbach, Marion
Pinto, Ana
König, Sven
Bhatta, Raghavendra
Schlecht, Eva
author_facet Reichenbach, Marion
Pinto, Ana
König, Sven
Bhatta, Raghavendra
Schlecht, Eva
author_sort Reichenbach, Marion
collection PubMed
description Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urban and peri-urban dairy producers. To study the impacts of urbanization on dairy production and to identify key features of dairy production systems across Bengaluru’s rural-urban interface, 337 dairy producers were surveyed on the socio-economic profile of their household, their dairy herd and management, resources availability and, in- and output markets. A two-step cluster analysis identified four spatially explicit dairy production systems based on urbanization level of their neighborhood, reliance on self-cultivated forages, pasture use, cattle in- and outflow and share of specialized dairy genotypes. The most extensive dairy production system, common to the whole rural-urban interface, utilized publicly available feed resources and pasture grounds rather than to cultivate forages. In rural areas, two semi-intensive and one intensive dairy production systems relying on self-cultivation of forage with or without pasture further distinguished themselves by their herd and breeding management. In rural areas, the village’s dairy cooperative, which also provided access to inputs such as exotic genotype through artificial insemination, concentrate feeds and health care, was often the only marketing channel available to dairy producers, irrespective of the dairy production system to which they belonged. In urban areas, milk was mostly sold through direct marketing or a middleman. Despite rapidly progressing urbanization and a population of 10 million, Bengaluru’s dairy sector still relies on small-scale family dairy farms. Shifts in resources availability, such as land and labor, are potential drivers of market-oriented intensification but also extensification of dairy production in an urbanizing environment.
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spelling pubmed-83605252021-08-13 Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India Reichenbach, Marion Pinto, Ana König, Sven Bhatta, Raghavendra Schlecht, Eva PLoS One Research Article Urbanization is a main driver of agricultural transition in the Global South but how it shapes trends of intensification or extensification is not yet well understood. The Indian megacity of Bengaluru combines rapid urbanization with a high demand for dairy products, which is partly supplied by urban and peri-urban dairy producers. To study the impacts of urbanization on dairy production and to identify key features of dairy production systems across Bengaluru’s rural-urban interface, 337 dairy producers were surveyed on the socio-economic profile of their household, their dairy herd and management, resources availability and, in- and output markets. A two-step cluster analysis identified four spatially explicit dairy production systems based on urbanization level of their neighborhood, reliance on self-cultivated forages, pasture use, cattle in- and outflow and share of specialized dairy genotypes. The most extensive dairy production system, common to the whole rural-urban interface, utilized publicly available feed resources and pasture grounds rather than to cultivate forages. In rural areas, two semi-intensive and one intensive dairy production systems relying on self-cultivation of forage with or without pasture further distinguished themselves by their herd and breeding management. In rural areas, the village’s dairy cooperative, which also provided access to inputs such as exotic genotype through artificial insemination, concentrate feeds and health care, was often the only marketing channel available to dairy producers, irrespective of the dairy production system to which they belonged. In urban areas, milk was mostly sold through direct marketing or a middleman. Despite rapidly progressing urbanization and a population of 10 million, Bengaluru’s dairy sector still relies on small-scale family dairy farms. Shifts in resources availability, such as land and labor, are potential drivers of market-oriented intensification but also extensification of dairy production in an urbanizing environment. Public Library of Science 2021-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8360525/ /pubmed/34383791 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791 Text en © 2021 Reichenbach et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Reichenbach, Marion
Pinto, Ana
König, Sven
Bhatta, Raghavendra
Schlecht, Eva
Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title_full Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title_fullStr Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title_full_unstemmed Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title_short Dairy production in an urbanizing environment—Typology and linkages in the megacity of Bengaluru, India
title_sort dairy production in an urbanizing environment—typology and linkages in the megacity of bengaluru, india
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8360525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34383791
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255791
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