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Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients

The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recently demonstrated in the sputum or saliva, suggesting how the shedding of viral RNA outlasts the end of symptoms. Recent data from transcriptome analysis show that the oral cavity mucosa harbors high levels of...

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Autores principales: Iebba, Valerio, Zanotta, Nunzia, Campisciano, Giuseppina, Zerbato, Verena, Di Bella, Stefano, Cason, Carolina, Luzzati, Roberto, Confalonieri, Marco, Palamara, Anna Teresa, Comar, Manola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8361794/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34394024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.671813
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author Iebba, Valerio
Zanotta, Nunzia
Campisciano, Giuseppina
Zerbato, Verena
Di Bella, Stefano
Cason, Carolina
Luzzati, Roberto
Confalonieri, Marco
Palamara, Anna Teresa
Comar, Manola
author_facet Iebba, Valerio
Zanotta, Nunzia
Campisciano, Giuseppina
Zerbato, Verena
Di Bella, Stefano
Cason, Carolina
Luzzati, Roberto
Confalonieri, Marco
Palamara, Anna Teresa
Comar, Manola
author_sort Iebba, Valerio
collection PubMed
description The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recently demonstrated in the sputum or saliva, suggesting how the shedding of viral RNA outlasts the end of symptoms. Recent data from transcriptome analysis show that the oral cavity mucosa harbors high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), highlighting its role as a double-edged sword for SARS-CoV-2 body entrance or interpersonal transmission. Here, we studied the oral microbiota structure and inflammatory profile of 26 naive severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 15 controls by 16S rRNA V2 automated targeted sequencing and magnetic bead-based multiplex immunoassays, respectively. A significant diminution in species richness was observed in COVID-19 patients, along with a marked difference in beta-diversity. Species such as Prevotella salivae and Veillonella infantium were distinctive for COVID-19 patients, while Neisseria perflava and Rothia mucilaginosa were predominant in controls. Interestingly, these two groups of oral species oppositely clustered within the bacterial network, defining two distinct Species Interacting Groups (SIGs). COVID-19-related pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in both oral and serum samples, along with a specific bacterial consortium able to counteract them. We introduced a new parameter, named CytoCOV, able to predict COVID-19 susceptibility for an unknown subject at 71% of power with an Area Under Curve (AUC) equal to 0.995. This pilot study evidenced a distinctive oral microbiota composition in COVID-19 subjects, with a definite structural network in relation to secreted cytokines. Our results would be usable in clinics against COVID-19, using bacterial consortia as biomarkers or to reduce local inflammation.
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spelling pubmed-83617942021-08-14 Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients Iebba, Valerio Zanotta, Nunzia Campisciano, Giuseppina Zerbato, Verena Di Bella, Stefano Cason, Carolina Luzzati, Roberto Confalonieri, Marco Palamara, Anna Teresa Comar, Manola Front Microbiol Microbiology The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been recently demonstrated in the sputum or saliva, suggesting how the shedding of viral RNA outlasts the end of symptoms. Recent data from transcriptome analysis show that the oral cavity mucosa harbors high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), highlighting its role as a double-edged sword for SARS-CoV-2 body entrance or interpersonal transmission. Here, we studied the oral microbiota structure and inflammatory profile of 26 naive severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and 15 controls by 16S rRNA V2 automated targeted sequencing and magnetic bead-based multiplex immunoassays, respectively. A significant diminution in species richness was observed in COVID-19 patients, along with a marked difference in beta-diversity. Species such as Prevotella salivae and Veillonella infantium were distinctive for COVID-19 patients, while Neisseria perflava and Rothia mucilaginosa were predominant in controls. Interestingly, these two groups of oral species oppositely clustered within the bacterial network, defining two distinct Species Interacting Groups (SIGs). COVID-19-related pro-inflammatory cytokines were found in both oral and serum samples, along with a specific bacterial consortium able to counteract them. We introduced a new parameter, named CytoCOV, able to predict COVID-19 susceptibility for an unknown subject at 71% of power with an Area Under Curve (AUC) equal to 0.995. This pilot study evidenced a distinctive oral microbiota composition in COVID-19 subjects, with a definite structural network in relation to secreted cytokines. Our results would be usable in clinics against COVID-19, using bacterial consortia as biomarkers or to reduce local inflammation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8361794/ /pubmed/34394024 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.671813 Text en Copyright © 2021 Iebba, Zanotta, Campisciano, Zerbato, Di Bella, Cason, Luzzati, Confalonieri, Palamara and Comar. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Iebba, Valerio
Zanotta, Nunzia
Campisciano, Giuseppina
Zerbato, Verena
Di Bella, Stefano
Cason, Carolina
Luzzati, Roberto
Confalonieri, Marco
Palamara, Anna Teresa
Comar, Manola
Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title_full Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title_fullStr Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title_full_unstemmed Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title_short Profiling of Oral Microbiota and Cytokines in COVID-19 Patients
title_sort profiling of oral microbiota and cytokines in covid-19 patients
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8361794/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34394024
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.671813
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