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Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis

AIM: The stress‐gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress‐induced...

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Autores principales: de Jonge, Melinda M. J., Benítez‐López, Ana, Hennekens, Stephan, Santini, Luca, Huijbregts, Mark A. J., Schipper, Aafke M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8362124/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34413705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13323
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author de Jonge, Melinda M. J.
Benítez‐López, Ana
Hennekens, Stephan
Santini, Luca
Huijbregts, Mark A. J.
Schipper, Aafke M.
author_facet de Jonge, Melinda M. J.
Benítez‐López, Ana
Hennekens, Stephan
Santini, Luca
Huijbregts, Mark A. J.
Schipper, Aafke M.
author_sort de Jonge, Melinda M. J.
collection PubMed
description AIM: The stress‐gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress‐induced changes in interactions affect continental‐to‐global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. LOCATION: Dry grasslands in Europe. TIME PERIOD: Present. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Vascular plants. METHODS: We built a context‐dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. RESULTS: We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant species. For drought‐sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought‐tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought‐sensitive species and decreased for drought‐tolerant species. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: We found that associations of drought‐sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought‐tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress‐modulated species associations might influence the distribution of species over large geographical extents, thus leading to unexpected responses under climate change through shifts in species associations.
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spelling pubmed-83621242021-08-17 Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis de Jonge, Melinda M. J. Benítez‐López, Ana Hennekens, Stephan Santini, Luca Huijbregts, Mark A. J. Schipper, Aafke M. Glob Ecol Biogeogr Research Papers AIM: The stress‐gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress‐induced changes in interactions affect continental‐to‐global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. LOCATION: Dry grasslands in Europe. TIME PERIOD: Present. MAJOR TAXA STUDIED: Vascular plants. METHODS: We built a context‐dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. RESULTS: We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought‐sensitive and drought‐tolerant species. For drought‐sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought‐tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought‐sensitive species and decreased for drought‐tolerant species. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: We found that associations of drought‐sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought‐tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress‐modulated species associations might influence the distribution of species over large geographical extents, thus leading to unexpected responses under climate change through shifts in species associations. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2021-05-31 2021-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8362124/ /pubmed/34413705 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13323 Text en © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Papers
de Jonge, Melinda M. J.
Benítez‐López, Ana
Hennekens, Stephan
Santini, Luca
Huijbregts, Mark A. J.
Schipper, Aafke M.
Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title_full Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title_fullStr Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title_full_unstemmed Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title_short Conditional love? Co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
title_sort conditional love? co‐occurrence patterns of drought‐sensitive species in european grasslands are consistent with the stress‐gradient hypothesis
topic Research Papers
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8362124/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34413705
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geb.13323
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