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Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy

Although several biomarkers are available to monitor the acute phase response, the short pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP) is dominating in clinical practice. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is structurally and functionally related to CRP, but not liver-derived. In addition, increased levels of PTX3 ha...

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Autores principales: Wirestam, Lina, Pihl, Sofia, Saleh, Muna, Wetterö, Jonas, Sjöwall, Christopher
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8366313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34408755
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.722118
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author Wirestam, Lina
Pihl, Sofia
Saleh, Muna
Wetterö, Jonas
Sjöwall, Christopher
author_facet Wirestam, Lina
Pihl, Sofia
Saleh, Muna
Wetterö, Jonas
Sjöwall, Christopher
author_sort Wirestam, Lina
collection PubMed
description Although several biomarkers are available to monitor the acute phase response, the short pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP) is dominating in clinical practice. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is structurally and functionally related to CRP, but not liver-derived. In addition, increased levels of PTX3 have been linked to preeclampsia. Reference intervals are usually based on healthy blood donors. Several physiological and immunological alterations occur during normal pregnancy with subsequent potential effects on blood analytes. Hence, this study aims to determine pregnancy-specific reference intervals for CRP and PTX3. Longitudinal clinical data and blood plasma samples from the 1(st), 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimester of 100 healthy, non-medicating, females aged 18–40 at the time-point of conception were available to us. High‐sensitivity CRP measurements were performed by turbidimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify PTX3. CRP and PTX3 levels followed each other during the first two trimesters and both increased during the third trimester. CRP showed a median of 4.12 mg/L in the third trimester, and were significantly higher compared to the first (median 2.39 mg/L, p<0.0001) and the second (median 2.44 mg/L, p=0.0006) trimesters. In the third trimester PTX3 levels reached a median of 7.70 µg/L, and were significantly higher compared to the first (median 3.33 µg/L, p<0.0001) and the second (median 3.70 µg/L, p<0.0001) trimesters. Plasma albumin was inversely correlated with CRP (rho=-0.27, p<0.0001), but not with PTX3. In conclusion, it is important to consider pregnancy-specific reference values as elevations of CRP and PTX3 during the later phase may occur in absence of infection.
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spelling pubmed-83663132021-08-17 Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy Wirestam, Lina Pihl, Sofia Saleh, Muna Wetterö, Jonas Sjöwall, Christopher Front Immunol Immunology Although several biomarkers are available to monitor the acute phase response, the short pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP) is dominating in clinical practice. The long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is structurally and functionally related to CRP, but not liver-derived. In addition, increased levels of PTX3 have been linked to preeclampsia. Reference intervals are usually based on healthy blood donors. Several physiological and immunological alterations occur during normal pregnancy with subsequent potential effects on blood analytes. Hence, this study aims to determine pregnancy-specific reference intervals for CRP and PTX3. Longitudinal clinical data and blood plasma samples from the 1(st), 2(nd) and 3(rd) trimester of 100 healthy, non-medicating, females aged 18–40 at the time-point of conception were available to us. High‐sensitivity CRP measurements were performed by turbidimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify PTX3. CRP and PTX3 levels followed each other during the first two trimesters and both increased during the third trimester. CRP showed a median of 4.12 mg/L in the third trimester, and were significantly higher compared to the first (median 2.39 mg/L, p<0.0001) and the second (median 2.44 mg/L, p=0.0006) trimesters. In the third trimester PTX3 levels reached a median of 7.70 µg/L, and were significantly higher compared to the first (median 3.33 µg/L, p<0.0001) and the second (median 3.70 µg/L, p<0.0001) trimesters. Plasma albumin was inversely correlated with CRP (rho=-0.27, p<0.0001), but not with PTX3. In conclusion, it is important to consider pregnancy-specific reference values as elevations of CRP and PTX3 during the later phase may occur in absence of infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8366313/ /pubmed/34408755 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.722118 Text en Copyright © 2021 Wirestam, Pihl, Saleh, Wetterö and Sjöwall https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Wirestam, Lina
Pihl, Sofia
Saleh, Muna
Wetterö, Jonas
Sjöwall, Christopher
Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title_full Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title_fullStr Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title_full_unstemmed Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title_short Plasma C-Reactive Protein and Pentraxin-3 Reference Intervals During Normal Pregnancy
title_sort plasma c-reactive protein and pentraxin-3 reference intervals during normal pregnancy
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8366313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34408755
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.722118
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