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Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms
Humans are capable of solving cooperation problems following social norms. Social norms dictate appropriate behaviour and judgement on others in response to their previous actions and reputation. Recently, the so-called leading eight norms have been identified from many potential social norms that c...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8368190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34400674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95130-3 |
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author | Podder, Shirsendu Righi, Simone Takács, Károly |
author_facet | Podder, Shirsendu Righi, Simone Takács, Károly |
author_sort | Podder, Shirsendu |
collection | PubMed |
description | Humans are capable of solving cooperation problems following social norms. Social norms dictate appropriate behaviour and judgement on others in response to their previous actions and reputation. Recently, the so-called leading eight norms have been identified from many potential social norms that can sustain cooperation through a reputation-based indirect reciprocity mechanism. Despite indirect reciprocity being claimed to extend direct reciprocity in larger populations where direct experiences cannot be accumulated, the success of social norms have been analysed in models with global information and evolution. This study is the first to analyse the leading eight norms with local information and evolution. We find that the leading eight are robust against selfish players within most scenarios and can maintain a high level of cooperation also with local information and evolution. In fact, local evolution sustains cooperation under a wider set of conditions than global evolution, while local reputation does not hinder cooperation compared to global reputation. Four of the leading eight norms that do not reward justified defection offer better chances for cooperation with quick evolution, reputation with noise, larger networks, and when unconditional defectors enter the population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8368190 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83681902021-08-17 Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms Podder, Shirsendu Righi, Simone Takács, Károly Sci Rep Article Humans are capable of solving cooperation problems following social norms. Social norms dictate appropriate behaviour and judgement on others in response to their previous actions and reputation. Recently, the so-called leading eight norms have been identified from many potential social norms that can sustain cooperation through a reputation-based indirect reciprocity mechanism. Despite indirect reciprocity being claimed to extend direct reciprocity in larger populations where direct experiences cannot be accumulated, the success of social norms have been analysed in models with global information and evolution. This study is the first to analyse the leading eight norms with local information and evolution. We find that the leading eight are robust against selfish players within most scenarios and can maintain a high level of cooperation also with local information and evolution. In fact, local evolution sustains cooperation under a wider set of conditions than global evolution, while local reputation does not hinder cooperation compared to global reputation. Four of the leading eight norms that do not reward justified defection offer better chances for cooperation with quick evolution, reputation with noise, larger networks, and when unconditional defectors enter the population. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-08-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8368190/ /pubmed/34400674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95130-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Podder, Shirsendu Righi, Simone Takács, Károly Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title | Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title_full | Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title_fullStr | Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title_full_unstemmed | Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title_short | Local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
title_sort | local reputation, local selection, and the leading eight norms |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8368190/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34400674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95130-3 |
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