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Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review

Dairy cow longevity is an essential economic trait that can supplement the breeding value of production traits, which is related to the herd time and lifetime milk yield of dairy cows. However, longevity is a relatively difficult trait to select for dairy cow breeding due to low heritability and num...

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Autores principales: Hu, Honghong, Mu, Tong, Ma, Yanfen, Wang, XingPing, Ma, Yun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8369829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34413878
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.695543
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author Hu, Honghong
Mu, Tong
Ma, Yanfen
Wang, XingPing
Ma, Yun
author_facet Hu, Honghong
Mu, Tong
Ma, Yanfen
Wang, XingPing
Ma, Yun
author_sort Hu, Honghong
collection PubMed
description Dairy cow longevity is an essential economic trait that can supplement the breeding value of production traits, which is related to the herd time and lifetime milk yield of dairy cows. However, longevity is a relatively difficult trait to select for dairy cow breeding due to low heritability and numerous influence factors of the longevity in dairy cows. Longevity trait has been used as an important breeding target of a comprehensive selection index in many dairy developed countries; however, it has not been included in performance index in many developing countries. At present, cows in these countries are still in the primary stage of “large quantity, low quality, high cost, and low yield.” The average parity of dairy cows is less than 2.7, which is difficult to maintain the production efficiency to meet the demands of the dairy industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need to select and breed for the longevity of dairy cows. The various definitions and models (including linear, threshold, random regression, sire, and survival analysis) of longevity were reviewed and standardized. Survival analysis is the optimal model to evaluate longevity, and the longevity heritability is 0.01–0.30 by using different definitions and models. Additionally, the relationship between longevity and other traits was summarized, and found that longevity was regulated by multiple factors, and there were low or medium genetic correlations between them. Conformation traits, milk production traits, reproductive traits, and health traits may be used as indicators to select and breed the longevity of dairy cows. The genetic assessment methods, heritability, influencing factors, importance, breeding, and genetics of longevity were reviewed in the manuscript, which could provide a valuable reference for the selective breeding to extend the productive life of Holstein cattle.
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spelling pubmed-83698292021-08-18 Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review Hu, Honghong Mu, Tong Ma, Yanfen Wang, XingPing Ma, Yun Front Genet Genetics Dairy cow longevity is an essential economic trait that can supplement the breeding value of production traits, which is related to the herd time and lifetime milk yield of dairy cows. However, longevity is a relatively difficult trait to select for dairy cow breeding due to low heritability and numerous influence factors of the longevity in dairy cows. Longevity trait has been used as an important breeding target of a comprehensive selection index in many dairy developed countries; however, it has not been included in performance index in many developing countries. At present, cows in these countries are still in the primary stage of “large quantity, low quality, high cost, and low yield.” The average parity of dairy cows is less than 2.7, which is difficult to maintain the production efficiency to meet the demands of the dairy industry. Therefore, there is an urgent need to select and breed for the longevity of dairy cows. The various definitions and models (including linear, threshold, random regression, sire, and survival analysis) of longevity were reviewed and standardized. Survival analysis is the optimal model to evaluate longevity, and the longevity heritability is 0.01–0.30 by using different definitions and models. Additionally, the relationship between longevity and other traits was summarized, and found that longevity was regulated by multiple factors, and there were low or medium genetic correlations between them. Conformation traits, milk production traits, reproductive traits, and health traits may be used as indicators to select and breed the longevity of dairy cows. The genetic assessment methods, heritability, influencing factors, importance, breeding, and genetics of longevity were reviewed in the manuscript, which could provide a valuable reference for the selective breeding to extend the productive life of Holstein cattle. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8369829/ /pubmed/34413878 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.695543 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hu, Mu, Ma, Wang and Ma. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Genetics
Hu, Honghong
Mu, Tong
Ma, Yanfen
Wang, XingPing
Ma, Yun
Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title_full Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title_fullStr Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title_short Analysis of Longevity Traits in Holstein Cattle: A Review
title_sort analysis of longevity traits in holstein cattle: a review
topic Genetics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8369829/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34413878
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2021.695543
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