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Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection from mother to infant accounts for a growing proportion of new Chagas disease cases. However, no systematic reviews of risk factors for T. cruzi vertical transmission have been performed. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of th...

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Autores principales: Klein, Melissa D., Proaño, Alvaro, Noazin, Sassan, Sciaudone, Michael, Gilman, Robert H., Bowman, Natalie M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33618005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.074
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author Klein, Melissa D.
Proaño, Alvaro
Noazin, Sassan
Sciaudone, Michael
Gilman, Robert H.
Bowman, Natalie M.
author_facet Klein, Melissa D.
Proaño, Alvaro
Noazin, Sassan
Sciaudone, Michael
Gilman, Robert H.
Bowman, Natalie M.
author_sort Klein, Melissa D.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection from mother to infant accounts for a growing proportion of new Chagas disease cases. However, no systematic reviews of risk factors for T. cruzi vertical transmission have been performed. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature in PubMed, LILACS, and Embase databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were not excluded based on language, country of origin, or publication date. RESULTS: Our literature review yielded 27 relevant studies examining a wide variety of risk factors, including maternal age, parasitic load, immunologic factors and vector exposure. Several studies suggested that mothers with higher parasitic loads may have a greater risk of vertical transmission. A meta-analysis of 2 studies found a significantly higher parasitic load among transmitting than non-transmitting mothers with T. cruzi infection. A second meta-analysis of 10 studies demonstrated that maternal age was not significantly associated with vertical transmission risk. CONCLUSIONS: The literature suggests that high maternal parasitic load may be a risk factor for congenital Chagas disease among infants of T. cruzi seropositive mothers. Given the considerable heterogeneity and risk of bias among current literature, additional studies are warranted to assess potential risk factors for vertical transmission of T. cruzi infection.
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spelling pubmed-83700232021-08-17 Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis Klein, Melissa D. Proaño, Alvaro Noazin, Sassan Sciaudone, Michael Gilman, Robert H. Bowman, Natalie M. Int J Infect Dis Article BACKGROUND: Vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection from mother to infant accounts for a growing proportion of new Chagas disease cases. However, no systematic reviews of risk factors for T. cruzi vertical transmission have been performed. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of the literature in PubMed, LILACS, and Embase databases, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were not excluded based on language, country of origin, or publication date. RESULTS: Our literature review yielded 27 relevant studies examining a wide variety of risk factors, including maternal age, parasitic load, immunologic factors and vector exposure. Several studies suggested that mothers with higher parasitic loads may have a greater risk of vertical transmission. A meta-analysis of 2 studies found a significantly higher parasitic load among transmitting than non-transmitting mothers with T. cruzi infection. A second meta-analysis of 10 studies demonstrated that maternal age was not significantly associated with vertical transmission risk. CONCLUSIONS: The literature suggests that high maternal parasitic load may be a risk factor for congenital Chagas disease among infants of T. cruzi seropositive mothers. Given the considerable heterogeneity and risk of bias among current literature, additional studies are warranted to assess potential risk factors for vertical transmission of T. cruzi infection. 2021-02-20 2021-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8370023/ /pubmed/33618005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.074 Text en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) ).
spellingShingle Article
Klein, Melissa D.
Proaño, Alvaro
Noazin, Sassan
Sciaudone, Michael
Gilman, Robert H.
Bowman, Natalie M.
Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Risk factors for vertical transmission of Chagas disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort risk factors for vertical transmission of chagas disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370023/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33618005
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.074
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