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Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea

In South Korea, domestic cattle, pigs, and goats were subjected to mandatory foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination and year-round serosurveillance since 2011. In 2020, approximately USD 95 million was spent solely for FMD vaccine purchase for 59 million livestock, and 1.25 million samples were te...

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Autores principales: Park, Mi-Young, Han, You Jin, Choi, Eun-Jin, Kim, HeeYeon, Pervin, Rokeya, Shin, Wonseok, Kwon, Doheon, Kim, Jae Myoung, Pyo, Hyun Mi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8371437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34422940
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.673820
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author Park, Mi-Young
Han, You Jin
Choi, Eun-Jin
Kim, HeeYeon
Pervin, Rokeya
Shin, Wonseok
Kwon, Doheon
Kim, Jae Myoung
Pyo, Hyun Mi
author_facet Park, Mi-Young
Han, You Jin
Choi, Eun-Jin
Kim, HeeYeon
Pervin, Rokeya
Shin, Wonseok
Kwon, Doheon
Kim, Jae Myoung
Pyo, Hyun Mi
author_sort Park, Mi-Young
collection PubMed
description In South Korea, domestic cattle, pigs, and goats were subjected to mandatory foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination and year-round serosurveillance since 2011. In 2020, approximately USD 95 million was spent solely for FMD vaccine purchase for 59 million livestock, and 1.25 million samples were tested to estimate the population immunity and demonstrate the absence of virus circulation. As the FMD vaccination program was revised in 2018, the post-vaccination monitoring (PVM) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine program of three vaccines approved for routine use. To this end, monitoring post-vaccination immunity has been conducted by collecting 35,626 serum samples at 28 days post-vaccination following regular national vaccinations, which were carried out in April and in October in 2020. The design of the serological test for PVM was specially targeted at particular livestock groups, including dairy cattle, goats, and beef cattle aged 6–12 months, which were generally estimated to have a low expected seroprevalence. The risk factors had also been identified, considering the increased likelihood of infection in a particular location, herd size, and husbandry system applied in a targeted sample collection. Serum sample collection and SP-O and NSP antibody tests were performed by local veterinary laboratories using commercially available ELISAs. The current FMD vaccination program, which was performed twice a year following the regimen of primary vaccination and boost, resulted in over 80% population immunity. The seroprevalence monitored after the vaccination in fall was higher than the one studied in spring except in pigs. It was demonstrated that the seroprevalence of risk-based targeted samples ranged from 93.8 to 100% in cattle, 63.2 to 100% in pigs, and 20.0 to 100% in goats. Of note is the area near the North Korean borders which showed a relatively low seroprevalence among the targeted regions, and no NSP sero-positive reactor was detected in this region. When subpopulation immunity at the individual level was assessed, the seroprevalence in young cattle stock was slightly lower (95.8%) than that of adults (98.4%). In conclusion, the FMD vaccination campaign has been successfully implemented in Korea, and the PVM can be a supplementary program for massive routine surveillance in terms of providing timely information needed both to estimate population immunity and to properly target “risk-based surveillance.”
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spelling pubmed-83714372021-08-19 Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea Park, Mi-Young Han, You Jin Choi, Eun-Jin Kim, HeeYeon Pervin, Rokeya Shin, Wonseok Kwon, Doheon Kim, Jae Myoung Pyo, Hyun Mi Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science In South Korea, domestic cattle, pigs, and goats were subjected to mandatory foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination and year-round serosurveillance since 2011. In 2020, approximately USD 95 million was spent solely for FMD vaccine purchase for 59 million livestock, and 1.25 million samples were tested to estimate the population immunity and demonstrate the absence of virus circulation. As the FMD vaccination program was revised in 2018, the post-vaccination monitoring (PVM) was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the vaccine program of three vaccines approved for routine use. To this end, monitoring post-vaccination immunity has been conducted by collecting 35,626 serum samples at 28 days post-vaccination following regular national vaccinations, which were carried out in April and in October in 2020. The design of the serological test for PVM was specially targeted at particular livestock groups, including dairy cattle, goats, and beef cattle aged 6–12 months, which were generally estimated to have a low expected seroprevalence. The risk factors had also been identified, considering the increased likelihood of infection in a particular location, herd size, and husbandry system applied in a targeted sample collection. Serum sample collection and SP-O and NSP antibody tests were performed by local veterinary laboratories using commercially available ELISAs. The current FMD vaccination program, which was performed twice a year following the regimen of primary vaccination and boost, resulted in over 80% population immunity. The seroprevalence monitored after the vaccination in fall was higher than the one studied in spring except in pigs. It was demonstrated that the seroprevalence of risk-based targeted samples ranged from 93.8 to 100% in cattle, 63.2 to 100% in pigs, and 20.0 to 100% in goats. Of note is the area near the North Korean borders which showed a relatively low seroprevalence among the targeted regions, and no NSP sero-positive reactor was detected in this region. When subpopulation immunity at the individual level was assessed, the seroprevalence in young cattle stock was slightly lower (95.8%) than that of adults (98.4%). In conclusion, the FMD vaccination campaign has been successfully implemented in Korea, and the PVM can be a supplementary program for massive routine surveillance in terms of providing timely information needed both to estimate population immunity and to properly target “risk-based surveillance.” Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8371437/ /pubmed/34422940 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.673820 Text en Copyright © 2021 Park, Han, Choi, Kim, Pervin, Shin, Kwon, Kim and Pyo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Park, Mi-Young
Han, You Jin
Choi, Eun-Jin
Kim, HeeYeon
Pervin, Rokeya
Shin, Wonseok
Kwon, Doheon
Kim, Jae Myoung
Pyo, Hyun Mi
Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title_full Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title_fullStr Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title_full_unstemmed Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title_short Post-vaccination Monitoring to Assess Foot-and-Mouth Disease Immunity at Population Level in Korea
title_sort post-vaccination monitoring to assess foot-and-mouth disease immunity at population level in korea
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8371437/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34422940
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2021.673820
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