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Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease

Chronic infections with the hepatitis B and C viruses have significant worldwide health and economic impacts. Previous treatments for hepatitis C such as interferon and ribavirin therapy were ineffective and poorly tolerated by patients. The introduction of directly acting curative antiviral therapy...

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Autores principales: Khoo, Tiffany, Lam, Danielle, Olynyk, John K
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8371504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34447229
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4831
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author Khoo, Tiffany
Lam, Danielle
Olynyk, John K
author_facet Khoo, Tiffany
Lam, Danielle
Olynyk, John K
author_sort Khoo, Tiffany
collection PubMed
description Chronic infections with the hepatitis B and C viruses have significant worldwide health and economic impacts. Previous treatments for hepatitis C such as interferon and ribavirin therapy were ineffective and poorly tolerated by patients. The introduction of directly acting curative antiviral therapy for hepatitis C and the wider use of nucleos(t)ide analogues for suppression of chronic Hepatitis B infection have resulted in many positive developments. Decreasing the prevalence of hepatitis B and C have concurrently reduced transmission rates and hence, the number of new infections. Antiviral treatments have decreased the rates of liver decompensation and as a result, lowered hospitalisation and mortality rates for both chronic hepatitis B and C infection. The quality of life of chronically infected patients has also been improved significantly by modern treatment. Antiviral therapy has stopped the progression of liver disease to cirrhosis in certain patient cohorts and prevented ongoing hepatocellular damage in patients with existing cirrhosis. Longer term benefits of antiviral therapy include a reduced risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma and decreased number of patients requiring liver transplantation. This review article assesses the literature and summarises the impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes from liver disease.
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spelling pubmed-83715042021-08-25 Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease Khoo, Tiffany Lam, Danielle Olynyk, John K World J Gastroenterol Minireviews Chronic infections with the hepatitis B and C viruses have significant worldwide health and economic impacts. Previous treatments for hepatitis C such as interferon and ribavirin therapy were ineffective and poorly tolerated by patients. The introduction of directly acting curative antiviral therapy for hepatitis C and the wider use of nucleos(t)ide analogues for suppression of chronic Hepatitis B infection have resulted in many positive developments. Decreasing the prevalence of hepatitis B and C have concurrently reduced transmission rates and hence, the number of new infections. Antiviral treatments have decreased the rates of liver decompensation and as a result, lowered hospitalisation and mortality rates for both chronic hepatitis B and C infection. The quality of life of chronically infected patients has also been improved significantly by modern treatment. Antiviral therapy has stopped the progression of liver disease to cirrhosis in certain patient cohorts and prevented ongoing hepatocellular damage in patients with existing cirrhosis. Longer term benefits of antiviral therapy include a reduced risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma and decreased number of patients requiring liver transplantation. This review article assesses the literature and summarises the impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes from liver disease. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021-08-07 2021-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8371504/ /pubmed/34447229 http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4831 Text en ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Minireviews
Khoo, Tiffany
Lam, Danielle
Olynyk, John K
Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title_full Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title_fullStr Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title_full_unstemmed Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title_short Impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B and C on clinical outcomes of liver disease
title_sort impact of modern antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis b and c on clinical outcomes of liver disease
topic Minireviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8371504/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34447229
http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4831
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