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Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses
What viral RNA genomes lack in size, they make up for in intricacy. Elaborate RNA structures embedded in viral genomes can hijack essential cellular mechanisms aiding virus propagation. Exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs) are an emerging class of viral elements, which resist degradation by host...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34471487 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2021.07.024 |
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author | Vicens, Quentin Kieft, Jeffrey S. |
author_facet | Vicens, Quentin Kieft, Jeffrey S. |
author_sort | Vicens, Quentin |
collection | PubMed |
description | What viral RNA genomes lack in size, they make up for in intricacy. Elaborate RNA structures embedded in viral genomes can hijack essential cellular mechanisms aiding virus propagation. Exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs) are an emerging class of viral elements, which resist degradation by host cellular exoribonucleases to produce viral RNAs with diverse roles during infection. Detailed three-dimensional structural studies of xrRNAs from flaviviruses and a subset of plant viruses led to a mechanistic model in which xrRNAs block enzymatic digestion using a ring-like structure that encircles the 5′ end of the resistant structure. In this mini-review, we describe the state of our understanding of the phylogenetic distribution of xrRNAs, their structures, and their conformational dynamics. Because xrRNAs have now been found in several major superfamilies of RNA viruses, they may represent a more widely used strategy than currently appreciated. Could xrRNAs represent a ‘molecular clock’ that would help us understand virus evolution and pathogenicity? The more we study xrRNAs in viruses, the closer we get to finding xrRNAs within cellular RNAs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8374639 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83746392021-08-31 Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses Vicens, Quentin Kieft, Jeffrey S. Comput Struct Biotechnol J Review Article What viral RNA genomes lack in size, they make up for in intricacy. Elaborate RNA structures embedded in viral genomes can hijack essential cellular mechanisms aiding virus propagation. Exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs (xrRNAs) are an emerging class of viral elements, which resist degradation by host cellular exoribonucleases to produce viral RNAs with diverse roles during infection. Detailed three-dimensional structural studies of xrRNAs from flaviviruses and a subset of plant viruses led to a mechanistic model in which xrRNAs block enzymatic digestion using a ring-like structure that encircles the 5′ end of the resistant structure. In this mini-review, we describe the state of our understanding of the phylogenetic distribution of xrRNAs, their structures, and their conformational dynamics. Because xrRNAs have now been found in several major superfamilies of RNA viruses, they may represent a more widely used strategy than currently appreciated. Could xrRNAs represent a ‘molecular clock’ that would help us understand virus evolution and pathogenicity? The more we study xrRNAs in viruses, the closer we get to finding xrRNAs within cellular RNAs. Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8374639/ /pubmed/34471487 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2021.07.024 Text en © 2021 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Article Vicens, Quentin Kieft, Jeffrey S. Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title | Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title_full | Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title_fullStr | Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title_full_unstemmed | Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title_short | Shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant RNAs in viruses |
title_sort | shared properties and singularities of exoribonuclease-resistant rnas in viruses |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374639/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34471487 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2021.07.024 |
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