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BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity
Epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has protective effects against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are now over 30 clinical trials evaluating if BCG vaccination can prevent or reduce the severity of COVID-19. However, the mechanism by...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34421902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.692729 |
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author | Eggenhuizen, Peter J. Ng, Boaz H. Chang, Janet Fell, Ashleigh L. Cheong, Rachel M. Y. Wong, Wey Y. Gan, Poh-Yi Holdsworth, Stephen R. Ooi, Joshua D. |
author_facet | Eggenhuizen, Peter J. Ng, Boaz H. Chang, Janet Fell, Ashleigh L. Cheong, Rachel M. Y. Wong, Wey Y. Gan, Poh-Yi Holdsworth, Stephen R. Ooi, Joshua D. |
author_sort | Eggenhuizen, Peter J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has protective effects against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are now over 30 clinical trials evaluating if BCG vaccination can prevent or reduce the severity of COVID-19. However, the mechanism by which BCG vaccination can induce severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell responses is unknown. Here, we identify 8 novel BCG-derived peptides with significant sequence homology to either SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 or NSP13-derived peptides. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we show that human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells primed with a BCG-derived peptide developed enhanced reactivity to its corresponding homologous SARS-CoV-2-derived peptide. As expected, HLA differences between individuals meant that not all persons developed immunogenic responses to all 8 BCG-derived peptides. Nevertheless, all of the 20 individuals that were primed with BCG-derived peptides developed enhanced T cell reactivity to at least 7 of 8 SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides. These findings provide an in vitro mechanism that may account, in part, for the epidemiologic observation that BCG vaccination confers some protection from COVID-19. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8374943 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83749432021-08-20 BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity Eggenhuizen, Peter J. Ng, Boaz H. Chang, Janet Fell, Ashleigh L. Cheong, Rachel M. Y. Wong, Wey Y. Gan, Poh-Yi Holdsworth, Stephen R. Ooi, Joshua D. Front Immunol Immunology Epidemiological studies and clinical trials suggest Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has protective effects against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). There are now over 30 clinical trials evaluating if BCG vaccination can prevent or reduce the severity of COVID-19. However, the mechanism by which BCG vaccination can induce severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific T cell responses is unknown. Here, we identify 8 novel BCG-derived peptides with significant sequence homology to either SARS-CoV-2 NSP3 or NSP13-derived peptides. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we show that human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells primed with a BCG-derived peptide developed enhanced reactivity to its corresponding homologous SARS-CoV-2-derived peptide. As expected, HLA differences between individuals meant that not all persons developed immunogenic responses to all 8 BCG-derived peptides. Nevertheless, all of the 20 individuals that were primed with BCG-derived peptides developed enhanced T cell reactivity to at least 7 of 8 SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides. These findings provide an in vitro mechanism that may account, in part, for the epidemiologic observation that BCG vaccination confers some protection from COVID-19. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8374943/ /pubmed/34421902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.692729 Text en Copyright © 2021 Eggenhuizen, Ng, Chang, Fell, Cheong, Wong, Gan, Holdsworth and Ooi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Eggenhuizen, Peter J. Ng, Boaz H. Chang, Janet Fell, Ashleigh L. Cheong, Rachel M. Y. Wong, Wey Y. Gan, Poh-Yi Holdsworth, Stephen R. Ooi, Joshua D. BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title | BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title_full | BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title_fullStr | BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title_full_unstemmed | BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title_short | BCG Vaccine Derived Peptides Induce SARS-CoV-2 T Cell Cross-Reactivity |
title_sort | bcg vaccine derived peptides induce sars-cov-2 t cell cross-reactivity |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8374943/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34421902 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.692729 |
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