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The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine
In the literature archive, the intestinal microbiome is now considered as a discrete organ system. Despite living symbiotically with the human body, the gut microbiome is represented as potential drug targets because of its ability to modify the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Structu...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8375357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34421438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258211033111 |
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author | Mukhtar, Imran Iftikhar, Arslan Imran, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Umar Irfan, Shahzad Anwar, Haseeb |
author_facet | Mukhtar, Imran Iftikhar, Arslan Imran, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Umar Irfan, Shahzad Anwar, Haseeb |
author_sort | Mukhtar, Imran |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the literature archive, the intestinal microbiome is now considered as a discrete organ system. Despite living symbiotically with the human body, the gut microbiome is represented as potential drug targets because of its ability to modify the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Structural biology analysis indicates the existence of homology between transport proteins of microbial cells and membranes of enterocytes. It is speculated that structural similarity in the protein transporters may provoke an unwanted phenomenon of drug uptake by the gut microbiome present in the small intestine of the host. Considering this hypothesis, we analyzed the absorbance of orally administered caffeine by the gut microbiota in in vivo albino rat model through the RP-HPLC-UV approach. Microbiome absorbed the caffeine maximally at 2 hours and minimally at 5 hours post-drug administration following first-order absorption kinetics in a nonlinear way. Drug absorbance of microbial pellet and percent dose recovery was found significantly higher (P ≤ .05) at 2 hours post-administration as compared to all other groups. As speculated, our findings advocated the phenomenon that the gut microbiome influences the absorption of caffeine molecules. Members of the gut microbiome exhibited grouped behavior following first-order absorption kinetics in a nonlinear pattern. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8375357 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83753572021-08-20 The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine Mukhtar, Imran Iftikhar, Arslan Imran, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Umar Irfan, Shahzad Anwar, Haseeb Dose Response Original Article In the literature archive, the intestinal microbiome is now considered as a discrete organ system. Despite living symbiotically with the human body, the gut microbiome is represented as potential drug targets because of its ability to modify the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Structural biology analysis indicates the existence of homology between transport proteins of microbial cells and membranes of enterocytes. It is speculated that structural similarity in the protein transporters may provoke an unwanted phenomenon of drug uptake by the gut microbiome present in the small intestine of the host. Considering this hypothesis, we analyzed the absorbance of orally administered caffeine by the gut microbiota in in vivo albino rat model through the RP-HPLC-UV approach. Microbiome absorbed the caffeine maximally at 2 hours and minimally at 5 hours post-drug administration following first-order absorption kinetics in a nonlinear way. Drug absorbance of microbial pellet and percent dose recovery was found significantly higher (P ≤ .05) at 2 hours post-administration as compared to all other groups. As speculated, our findings advocated the phenomenon that the gut microbiome influences the absorption of caffeine molecules. Members of the gut microbiome exhibited grouped behavior following first-order absorption kinetics in a nonlinear pattern. SAGE Publications 2021-08-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8375357/ /pubmed/34421438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258211033111 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage). |
spellingShingle | Original Article Mukhtar, Imran Iftikhar, Arslan Imran, Muhammad Ijaz, Muhammad Umar Irfan, Shahzad Anwar, Haseeb The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title | The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title_full | The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title_fullStr | The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title_full_unstemmed | The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title_short | The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine |
title_sort | competitive absorption by the gut microbiome suggests the first-order absorption kinetics of caffeine |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8375357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34421438 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15593258211033111 |
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