In vitro Assessment of Apical Microleakage of Teeth Sealed with Three Different Root Canal Sealers: A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: For the success of an endodontic treatment, a hermetic seal is of utmost importance. The event of entry of cariogenic bacteria through the interface between the tooth and the restoration of a proliferation of these microbes and subsequent adverse effects on the pulpal tissue or recurrent caries can be expected. Hence, the present study was undertaken for evaluating the apical microleakage of teeth sealed with four different root canal sealers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Collection of a total of ninety freshly extracted mandibular first premolars was done for the present study. Establishment of working length was done by measuring the root canal length and subtracting 1 mm from it. All the specimens were divided into three study groups as follows: Group A: Endofill sealer group, Group B: EndoREZ sealer group, and Group C: AH Plus group. The resin points were supplied with the sealer (according to their respective study groups), and obturation was done. Application of four layers of nail polish was done on the entire tooth surface leaving the apical 2 mm portion. This was followed by immersion of the specimens in the India ink followed by storage for 1 week at room temperature. Afterward, thorough washing of the specimens was done in running water. Removal of the nail polish was done. All the specimens were observed under microscope for assessing the extent of dye penetration. RESULTS: The mean apical dye penetration among specimens of Group A, Group B, and Group C was found to be 0.86 mm, 0.39 mm, and 0.03 mm, respectively. While comparing statistically, significant results were obtained. The mean apical dye penetration was highest for Group A and was lowest for Group C. CONCLUSION: Minimal microleakage is exhibited by a resin-based sealer. Hence, they provide a better apical seal in patients undergoing root canal therapy.