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Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016
BACKGROUND: When a pregnant woman contracts Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during pregnancy, it may be vertically transmitted to the foetus. Information on the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) in developing countries is scarce. Most studies focus on the seroprevalence of T. gondii...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
AOSIS
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8378169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485464 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v35i1.25 |
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author | van der Colf, Berta E. van Zyl, Gert U. Noden, Bruce H. Ntirampeba, Dismas |
author_facet | van der Colf, Berta E. van Zyl, Gert U. Noden, Bruce H. Ntirampeba, Dismas |
author_sort | van der Colf, Berta E. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: When a pregnant woman contracts Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during pregnancy, it may be vertically transmitted to the foetus. Information on the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) in developing countries is scarce. Most studies focus on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among pregnant women attending public antenatal care in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016. METHODS: In this descriptive study, 344 urban pregnant women attending public antenatal care were voluntarily enrolled in the study. Seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was determined by automated immunoassay. Samples with a positive T. gondii IgG result were tested for T. gondii Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and specific IgG avidity by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A questionnaire captured demographic data and exposure to risk factors. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and R. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii IgG was found in nine (2.61%) pregnant women. There was no association of anti-T. gondii IgG with demographic characteristics or exposure to risk factors.Anti-T. gondii IgM was positive in one (0.3%) woman, while three (0.9%) women had borderline anti-T. gondii IgM results. Specific IgG avidity was low, equivocal and high in 0%, 33% and 67% of seropositive pregnant women, respectively. CONCLUSION: Seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG is much lower in Namibia than is reported in other developing countries. Investigation into specific IgM seropositivity and IgG avidity showed that pregnant women in the central region of Namibia are at low risk of vertical transmission and development of CT. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8378169 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | AOSIS |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83781692021-09-03 Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 van der Colf, Berta E. van Zyl, Gert U. Noden, Bruce H. Ntirampeba, Dismas S Afr J Infect Dis Original Research BACKGROUND: When a pregnant woman contracts Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection during pregnancy, it may be vertically transmitted to the foetus. Information on the incidence of congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) in developing countries is scarce. Most studies focus on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among pregnant women attending public antenatal care in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016. METHODS: In this descriptive study, 344 urban pregnant women attending public antenatal care were voluntarily enrolled in the study. Seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii Immunoglobulin G (IgG) was determined by automated immunoassay. Samples with a positive T. gondii IgG result were tested for T. gondii Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and specific IgG avidity by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. A questionnaire captured demographic data and exposure to risk factors. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and R. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii IgG was found in nine (2.61%) pregnant women. There was no association of anti-T. gondii IgG with demographic characteristics or exposure to risk factors.Anti-T. gondii IgM was positive in one (0.3%) woman, while three (0.9%) women had borderline anti-T. gondii IgM results. Specific IgG avidity was low, equivocal and high in 0%, 33% and 67% of seropositive pregnant women, respectively. CONCLUSION: Seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG is much lower in Namibia than is reported in other developing countries. Investigation into specific IgM seropositivity and IgG avidity showed that pregnant women in the central region of Namibia are at low risk of vertical transmission and development of CT. AOSIS 2020-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8378169/ /pubmed/34485464 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v35i1.25 Text en © 2020. The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License. |
spellingShingle | Original Research van der Colf, Berta E. van Zyl, Gert U. Noden, Bruce H. Ntirampeba, Dismas Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title | Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title_full | Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title_fullStr | Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title_full_unstemmed | Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title_short | Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Windhoek, Namibia, in 2016 |
title_sort | seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in windhoek, namibia, in 2016 |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8378169/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34485464 http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v35i1.25 |
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