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Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs
To reduce nitrogen excretion and lower feeding costs, low crude protein (CP) diets are sometimes proposed, however, a great reduction of dietary CP concentration (>4% reduction vs. recommended concentration), even supplemented with essential and nonessential amino acids (AA) can detrimentally aff...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
KeAi Publishing
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8379141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34466681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.03.003 |
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author | Wang, Huisong Shen, Junhua Mu, Chunlong Gao, Kan Pi, Yu Zhu, Weiyun |
author_facet | Wang, Huisong Shen, Junhua Mu, Chunlong Gao, Kan Pi, Yu Zhu, Weiyun |
author_sort | Wang, Huisong |
collection | PubMed |
description | To reduce nitrogen excretion and lower feeding costs, low crude protein (CP) diets are sometimes proposed, however, a great reduction of dietary CP concentration (>4% reduction vs. recommended concentration), even supplemented with essential and nonessential amino acids (AA) can detrimentally affect small intestinal barrier function and immunity, possibly due to the excessive lack of peptides. Here we hypothesize that with an extremely low CP concentration diet, protein-derived peptides, rather than AA supplementation, can improve intestinal barrier development and health. To test this hypothesis, 21 growing pigs (19.90 ± 1.00 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with control diet (16% CP), or low CP diets (13% CP) supplemented with AA (LCPA) or casein hydrolysate (LCPC) for 28 days. In comparison with the control diet, the LCPA diet decreased the protein expression level of jejunal barrier factor zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and stem cell proliferation factor leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor-5, whereas the LCPC diet enhanced intestinal barrier function by increasing the protein expression level of jejunal occludin and ZO-1 and ileal mucin-2. The LCPA diet reduced Lactobacillus counts, whereas the LCPC diet increased Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli counts in the ileum. The LCPA diet also increased protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-22, whereas the LCPC diet decreased protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ileum. Collectively, the casein hydrolysate supplementation of low CP diets showed beneficial effects on the small intestinal barrier, bacterial community, and immunity in pigs, pointing to the important role of protein-derived peptides in small intestinal health in cases of low crude protein diets. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8379141 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | KeAi Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83791412021-08-30 Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs Wang, Huisong Shen, Junhua Mu, Chunlong Gao, Kan Pi, Yu Zhu, Weiyun Anim Nutr Original Research Article To reduce nitrogen excretion and lower feeding costs, low crude protein (CP) diets are sometimes proposed, however, a great reduction of dietary CP concentration (>4% reduction vs. recommended concentration), even supplemented with essential and nonessential amino acids (AA) can detrimentally affect small intestinal barrier function and immunity, possibly due to the excessive lack of peptides. Here we hypothesize that with an extremely low CP concentration diet, protein-derived peptides, rather than AA supplementation, can improve intestinal barrier development and health. To test this hypothesis, 21 growing pigs (19.90 ± 1.00 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with control diet (16% CP), or low CP diets (13% CP) supplemented with AA (LCPA) or casein hydrolysate (LCPC) for 28 days. In comparison with the control diet, the LCPA diet decreased the protein expression level of jejunal barrier factor zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and stem cell proliferation factor leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor-5, whereas the LCPC diet enhanced intestinal barrier function by increasing the protein expression level of jejunal occludin and ZO-1 and ileal mucin-2. The LCPA diet reduced Lactobacillus counts, whereas the LCPC diet increased Lactobacillus counts and reduced Escherichia coli counts in the ileum. The LCPA diet also increased protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-22, whereas the LCPC diet decreased protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-17A and tumor necrosis factor-α in the ileum. Collectively, the casein hydrolysate supplementation of low CP diets showed beneficial effects on the small intestinal barrier, bacterial community, and immunity in pigs, pointing to the important role of protein-derived peptides in small intestinal health in cases of low crude protein diets. KeAi Publishing 2021-09 2021-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8379141/ /pubmed/34466681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.03.003 Text en © 2021 Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Article Wang, Huisong Shen, Junhua Mu, Chunlong Gao, Kan Pi, Yu Zhu, Weiyun Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title | Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title_full | Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title_fullStr | Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title_short | Low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
title_sort | low crude protein diets supplemented with casein hydrolysate enhance the intestinal barrier function and decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the small intestine of pigs |
topic | Original Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8379141/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34466681 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aninu.2021.03.003 |
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