The Value of Brain Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Image Registration Algorithm in Analyzing Abnormal Changes of Neuronal Activity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

The aim of this paper was to analyze the application value of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) parameters and rigid transformation algorithm in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), which could provide a theoretical basis for the registration application of FMRI. 107 patients confirmed pathologically as T2DM and 51 community medical healthy volunteers were selected and divided into an experimental group and a control group, respectively. Besides, all the subjects were scanned with FMRI. Then, the rigid transformation-principal axis algorithm (RT-PAA), Levenberg–Marquardt iterative closest point (LMICP), and Demons algorithm were applied to magnetic resonance image registration. It was found that RT-PAA was superior to LMICP and Demons in image registration. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) values of the left middle temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right inferior occipital gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus in patients from the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) score was extremely negatively correlated with the ALFF of the left middle temporal gyrus (r = −0.451 and P < 0.001) and highly positively associated with the ALFF of the right posterior cerebellar lobe (r = −0.484 and P < 0.001). In addition, the MoCA score of patients had a dramatically negative correlation with the ALFF of the left middle temporal gyrus (r = −0.602 and P < 0.001) and had a greatly positive correlation with the ALFF of the right posterior cerebellar lobe (r = −0.516 and P < 0.001). The results showed that RT-PAA based on rigid transformation in this study had a good registration effect on magnetic resonance images. Compared with healthy volunteers, the left middle temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right inferior occipital gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus in patients with T2DM showed abnormal neuronal changes and reduced cognitive function.