Association between cumulative cigarette and Waterpipe smoking and symptoms of dependence in Lebanese adults

BACKGROUND: Waterpipe and cigarette smoking dependence are becoming increasingly prevalent forms of addiction globally. This study examined whether cumulative cigarette smoking and cumulative waterpipe smoking are associated with higher dependence on both cigarettes and waterpipe. METHODS: This cros...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Malaeb, Diana, Akel, Marwan, Sacre, Hala, Haddad, Chadia, Obeid, Sahar, Hallit, Souheil, Salameh, Pascale
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2021
Materias:
Research Article
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34425819
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11626-7

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