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The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection
In 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) emerged causing outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in children worldwide. In a subset of patients, EV-D68 infection was associated with the development of central nervous system (CNS) complications, including acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Since then, the number...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34410208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1960106 |
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author | Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Syriam Laksono, Brigitta M. van Riel, Debby |
author_facet | Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Syriam Laksono, Brigitta M. van Riel, Debby |
author_sort | Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Syriam |
collection | PubMed |
description | In 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) emerged causing outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in children worldwide. In a subset of patients, EV-D68 infection was associated with the development of central nervous system (CNS) complications, including acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Since then, the number of reported outbreaks has risen biennially, which emphasizes the need to unravel the systemic pathogenesis in humans. We present here a comprehensive review on the different stages of the pathogenesis of EV-D68 infection – infection in the respiratory tract, systemic dissemination and infection of the CNS – based on observations in humans as well as experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. This review highlights the knowledge gaps on the mechanisms of systemic dissemination, routes of entry into the CNS and mechanisms to induce AFM or other CNS complications, as well as the role of virus and host factors in the pathogenesis of EV-D68. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8381846 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83818462021-08-24 The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Syriam Laksono, Brigitta M. van Riel, Debby Virulence Review Article In 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) emerged causing outbreaks of severe respiratory disease in children worldwide. In a subset of patients, EV-D68 infection was associated with the development of central nervous system (CNS) complications, including acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). Since then, the number of reported outbreaks has risen biennially, which emphasizes the need to unravel the systemic pathogenesis in humans. We present here a comprehensive review on the different stages of the pathogenesis of EV-D68 infection – infection in the respiratory tract, systemic dissemination and infection of the CNS – based on observations in humans as well as experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. This review highlights the knowledge gaps on the mechanisms of systemic dissemination, routes of entry into the CNS and mechanisms to induce AFM or other CNS complications, as well as the role of virus and host factors in the pathogenesis of EV-D68. Taylor & Francis 2021-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC8381846/ /pubmed/34410208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1960106 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Sooksawasdi Na Ayudhya, Syriam Laksono, Brigitta M. van Riel, Debby The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title | The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title_full | The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title_fullStr | The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title_full_unstemmed | The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title_short | The pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-D68 infection |
title_sort | pathogenesis and virulence of enterovirus-d68 infection |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381846/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34410208 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1960106 |
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