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COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports

Treatment of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a complicated challenge, especially among patients with severe disease. In recent studies, immunosuppressive therapy has shown promising results for control of the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) in severe cases of COVID-19. However, i...

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Autores principales: Abdoli, Amir, Falahi, Shahab, Kenarkoohi, Azra
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381864/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34424451
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10238-021-00751-7
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author Abdoli, Amir
Falahi, Shahab
Kenarkoohi, Azra
author_facet Abdoli, Amir
Falahi, Shahab
Kenarkoohi, Azra
author_sort Abdoli, Amir
collection PubMed
description Treatment of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a complicated challenge, especially among patients with severe disease. In recent studies, immunosuppressive therapy has shown promising results for control of the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) in severe cases of COVID-19. However, it is well documented that immunosuppressive agents (e.g., corticosteroids and cytokine blockers) increase the risk of opportunistic infections. On the other hand, several opportunistic infections were reported in COVID-19 patients, including Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii), mucormycosis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Strongyloides stercoralis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii. This review is a snapshot about the main opportunistic infections that reported among COVID-19 patients. As such, we summarized information about the main immunosuppressive agents that were used in recent clinical trials for COVID-19 patients and the risk of opportunistic infections following these treatments. We also discussed about the main challenges regarding diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections (CAOIs). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10238-021-00751-7.
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spelling pubmed-83818642021-08-23 COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports Abdoli, Amir Falahi, Shahab Kenarkoohi, Azra Clin Exp Med Review Article Treatment of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a complicated challenge, especially among patients with severe disease. In recent studies, immunosuppressive therapy has shown promising results for control of the cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) in severe cases of COVID-19. However, it is well documented that immunosuppressive agents (e.g., corticosteroids and cytokine blockers) increase the risk of opportunistic infections. On the other hand, several opportunistic infections were reported in COVID-19 patients, including Aspergillus spp., Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Pneumocystis jiroveci (carinii), mucormycosis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Strongyloides stercoralis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii. This review is a snapshot about the main opportunistic infections that reported among COVID-19 patients. As such, we summarized information about the main immunosuppressive agents that were used in recent clinical trials for COVID-19 patients and the risk of opportunistic infections following these treatments. We also discussed about the main challenges regarding diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections (CAOIs). SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10238-021-00751-7. Springer International Publishing 2021-08-23 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8381864/ /pubmed/34424451 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10238-021-00751-7 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic.
spellingShingle Review Article
Abdoli, Amir
Falahi, Shahab
Kenarkoohi, Azra
COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title_full COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title_fullStr COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title_full_unstemmed COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title_short COVID-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
title_sort covid-19-associated opportunistic infections: a snapshot on the current reports
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381864/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34424451
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10238-021-00751-7
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