Cargando…
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves
Immune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were foun...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8383064/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34447390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.731361 |
_version_ | 1783741665064779776 |
---|---|
author | Hill, Morgan Ashley Kwon, Jennie H. Gerry, Brielle Hardy, William A. Walkowiak, Olivia Agata Kavarana, Minoo N. Nadig, Satish N. Rajab, T. Konrad |
author_facet | Hill, Morgan Ashley Kwon, Jennie H. Gerry, Brielle Hardy, William A. Walkowiak, Olivia Agata Kavarana, Minoo N. Nadig, Satish N. Rajab, T. Konrad |
author_sort | Hill, Morgan Ashley |
collection | PubMed |
description | Immune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were found to have similar immune privilege. What all of these tissues have in common is their vital function for evolutionary fitness and a limited regenerative capacity. Immune privilege is clinically relevant, because corneal transplantation and meniscal transplantation do not require immunosuppression. The heart valves also serve a vital function and have limited regenerative capacity after damage. Moreover, experimental and clinical evidence from heart valve transplantation suggests that the heart valves are spared from alloimmune injury. Here we review this evidence and propose the concept of heart valves as immune privileged sites. This concept has important clinical implications for heart valve transplantation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8383064 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83830642021-08-25 Immune Privilege of Heart Valves Hill, Morgan Ashley Kwon, Jennie H. Gerry, Brielle Hardy, William A. Walkowiak, Olivia Agata Kavarana, Minoo N. Nadig, Satish N. Rajab, T. Konrad Front Immunol Immunology Immune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were found to have similar immune privilege. What all of these tissues have in common is their vital function for evolutionary fitness and a limited regenerative capacity. Immune privilege is clinically relevant, because corneal transplantation and meniscal transplantation do not require immunosuppression. The heart valves also serve a vital function and have limited regenerative capacity after damage. Moreover, experimental and clinical evidence from heart valve transplantation suggests that the heart valves are spared from alloimmune injury. Here we review this evidence and propose the concept of heart valves as immune privileged sites. This concept has important clinical implications for heart valve transplantation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8383064/ /pubmed/34447390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.731361 Text en Copyright © 2021 Hill, Kwon, Gerry, Hardy, Walkowiak, Kavarana, Nadig and Rajab https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Immunology Hill, Morgan Ashley Kwon, Jennie H. Gerry, Brielle Hardy, William A. Walkowiak, Olivia Agata Kavarana, Minoo N. Nadig, Satish N. Rajab, T. Konrad Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title | Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_full | Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_fullStr | Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_full_unstemmed | Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_short | Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_sort | immune privilege of heart valves |
topic | Immunology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8383064/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34447390 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.731361 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hillmorganashley immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT kwonjennieh immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT gerrybrielle immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT hardywilliama immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT walkowiakoliviaagata immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT kavaranaminoon immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT nadigsatishn immuneprivilegeofheartvalves AT rajabtkonrad immuneprivilegeofheartvalves |