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The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study
BACKGROUND: Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is a simple and inexpensive method for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs regarding BSE. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 150 women referr...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8383252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34429089 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-021-01609-4 |
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author | Shakery, Mitra Mehrabi, Manoosh Khademian, Zahra |
author_facet | Shakery, Mitra Mehrabi, Manoosh Khademian, Zahra |
author_sort | Shakery, Mitra |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is a simple and inexpensive method for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs regarding BSE. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 150 women referring to therapeutic clinics in Jahrom, Iran from December 2019 to May 2020 were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention group participants had access to a smartphone application including BSE reminder, training, alarm, and feedback to the therapist. The application also contained educational movies and self-assessment. The study data were collected using Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale and BSE information record form before and six months after the intervention. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent t-test, Chi-square, ANCOVA, Mann–Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: After the intervention, the largest number of BSEs was four times among 60% of the participants in the intervention group and once among 24% of the participants in the control group during four months (p = 0.001). After the intervention, the mean differences of the scores of perceived susceptibility (1.03 ± 2.65 vs. 0.01 ± 0.42, p = 0.001), BSE barriers (2.80 ± 5.32 vs. 0.04 ± 1.43, p = 0.001), self-efficacy (10.75 ± 7.63 vs. − 2.75 ± 2.44, p = 0.001), and health motivation (2.77 ± 3.70 vs. − 0.29 ± 0.63, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to perceived severity and BSE benefits after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Access to the smartphone application enhanced the participants’ performance and health beliefs regarding BSE in the areas of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and health motivation. Therefore, we recommend using the same smartphone application to improve women’s performance and health beliefs regarding BSE. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12911-021-01609-4. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8383252 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83832522021-08-24 The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study Shakery, Mitra Mehrabi, Manoosh Khademian, Zahra BMC Med Inform Decis Mak Research BACKGROUND: Breast Self-Examination (BSE) is a simple and inexpensive method for early diagnosis of breast cancer. This study aimed to determine the effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs regarding BSE. METHODS: In this quasi-experimental study, 150 women referring to therapeutic clinics in Jahrom, Iran from December 2019 to May 2020 were randomly assigned to an intervention or a control group. The intervention group participants had access to a smartphone application including BSE reminder, training, alarm, and feedback to the therapist. The application also contained educational movies and self-assessment. The study data were collected using Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale and BSE information record form before and six months after the intervention. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t-test, independent t-test, Chi-square, ANCOVA, Mann–Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: After the intervention, the largest number of BSEs was four times among 60% of the participants in the intervention group and once among 24% of the participants in the control group during four months (p = 0.001). After the intervention, the mean differences of the scores of perceived susceptibility (1.03 ± 2.65 vs. 0.01 ± 0.42, p = 0.001), BSE barriers (2.80 ± 5.32 vs. 0.04 ± 1.43, p = 0.001), self-efficacy (10.75 ± 7.63 vs. − 2.75 ± 2.44, p = 0.001), and health motivation (2.77 ± 3.70 vs. − 0.29 ± 0.63, p = 0.001) were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups with regard to perceived severity and BSE benefits after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Access to the smartphone application enhanced the participants’ performance and health beliefs regarding BSE in the areas of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and health motivation. Therefore, we recommend using the same smartphone application to improve women’s performance and health beliefs regarding BSE. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12911-021-01609-4. BioMed Central 2021-08-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8383252/ /pubmed/34429089 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-021-01609-4 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Shakery, Mitra Mehrabi, Manoosh Khademian, Zahra The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title | The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title_full | The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title_fullStr | The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title_full_unstemmed | The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title_short | The effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
title_sort | effect of a smartphone application on women’s performance and health beliefs about breast self-examination: a quasi-experimental study |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8383252/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34429089 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12911-021-01609-4 |
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