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Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) receives diverse sensory stimuli from the environment and transmits this information to the central nervous system (CNS) for subsequent processing. Thus, proper functions of cells in peripheral sense organs are a critical gate-keeper to generating appropriate anim...

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Autores principales: Ray, Sneha, Singhvi, Aakanksha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8385785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34458255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.687732
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author Ray, Sneha
Singhvi, Aakanksha
author_facet Ray, Sneha
Singhvi, Aakanksha
author_sort Ray, Sneha
collection PubMed
description The peripheral nervous system (PNS) receives diverse sensory stimuli from the environment and transmits this information to the central nervous system (CNS) for subsequent processing. Thus, proper functions of cells in peripheral sense organs are a critical gate-keeper to generating appropriate animal sensory behaviors, and indeed their dysfunction tracks sensory deficits, sensorineural disorders, and aging. Like the CNS, the PNS comprises two major cell types, neurons (or sensory cells) and glia (or glia-like supporting neuroepithelial cells). One classic function of PNS glia is to modulate the ionic concentration around associated sensory cells. Here, we review current knowledge of how non-myelinating support cell glia of the PNS regulate the ionic milieu around sensory cell endings across species and systems. Molecular studies reviewed here suggest that, rather than being a passive homeostatic response, glial ionic regulation may in fact actively modulate sensory perception, implying that PNS glia may be active contributors to sensorineural information processing. This is reminiscent of emerging studies suggesting analogous roles for CNS glia in modulating neural circuit processing. We therefore suggest that deeper molecular mechanistic investigations into critical PNS glial functions like ionic regulation are essential to comprehensively understand sensorineural health, disease, and aging.
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spelling pubmed-83857852021-08-26 Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception Ray, Sneha Singhvi, Aakanksha Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology The peripheral nervous system (PNS) receives diverse sensory stimuli from the environment and transmits this information to the central nervous system (CNS) for subsequent processing. Thus, proper functions of cells in peripheral sense organs are a critical gate-keeper to generating appropriate animal sensory behaviors, and indeed their dysfunction tracks sensory deficits, sensorineural disorders, and aging. Like the CNS, the PNS comprises two major cell types, neurons (or sensory cells) and glia (or glia-like supporting neuroepithelial cells). One classic function of PNS glia is to modulate the ionic concentration around associated sensory cells. Here, we review current knowledge of how non-myelinating support cell glia of the PNS regulate the ionic milieu around sensory cell endings across species and systems. Molecular studies reviewed here suggest that, rather than being a passive homeostatic response, glial ionic regulation may in fact actively modulate sensory perception, implying that PNS glia may be active contributors to sensorineural information processing. This is reminiscent of emerging studies suggesting analogous roles for CNS glia in modulating neural circuit processing. We therefore suggest that deeper molecular mechanistic investigations into critical PNS glial functions like ionic regulation are essential to comprehensively understand sensorineural health, disease, and aging. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8385785/ /pubmed/34458255 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.687732 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ray and Singhvi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Ray, Sneha
Singhvi, Aakanksha
Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title_full Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title_fullStr Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title_full_unstemmed Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title_short Charging Up the Periphery: Glial Ionic Regulation in Sensory Perception
title_sort charging up the periphery: glial ionic regulation in sensory perception
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8385785/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34458255
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2021.687732
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