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Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks

A pandemic of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis emerged in the 1980s due to contaminated poultry products. How Salmonella Enteritidis rapidly swept through continents remains a historical puzzle as the pathogen continues to cause outbreaks and poultry supply becomes globalized. We hypothesize...

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Autores principales: Li, Shaoting, He, Yingshu, Mann, David Ames, Deng, Xiangyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8387372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34433807
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25319-7
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author Li, Shaoting
He, Yingshu
Mann, David Ames
Deng, Xiangyu
author_facet Li, Shaoting
He, Yingshu
Mann, David Ames
Deng, Xiangyu
author_sort Li, Shaoting
collection PubMed
description A pandemic of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis emerged in the 1980s due to contaminated poultry products. How Salmonella Enteritidis rapidly swept through continents remains a historical puzzle as the pathogen continues to cause outbreaks and poultry supply becomes globalized. We hypothesize that international trade of infected breeding stocks causes global spread of the pathogen. By integrating over 30,000 Salmonella Enteritidis genomes from 98 countries during 1949–2020 and international trade of live poultry from the 1980s to the late 2010s, we present multifaceted evidence that converges on a high likelihood, global scale, and extended protraction of Salmonella Enteritidis dissemination via centralized sourcing and international trade of breeding stocks. We discovered recent, genetically near-identical isolates from domestically raised poultry in North and South America. We obtained phylodynamic characteristics of global Salmonella Enteritidis populations that lend spatiotemporal support for its dispersal from centralized origins during the pandemic. We identified concordant patterns of international trade of breeding stocks and quantitatively established a driving role of the trade in the geographic dispersal of Salmonella Enteritidis, suggesting that the centralized origins were infected breeding stocks. Here we demonstrate the value of integrative and hypothesis-driven data mining in unravelling otherwise difficult-to-probe pathogen dissemination from hidden origins.
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spelling pubmed-83873722021-09-22 Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks Li, Shaoting He, Yingshu Mann, David Ames Deng, Xiangyu Nat Commun Article A pandemic of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis emerged in the 1980s due to contaminated poultry products. How Salmonella Enteritidis rapidly swept through continents remains a historical puzzle as the pathogen continues to cause outbreaks and poultry supply becomes globalized. We hypothesize that international trade of infected breeding stocks causes global spread of the pathogen. By integrating over 30,000 Salmonella Enteritidis genomes from 98 countries during 1949–2020 and international trade of live poultry from the 1980s to the late 2010s, we present multifaceted evidence that converges on a high likelihood, global scale, and extended protraction of Salmonella Enteritidis dissemination via centralized sourcing and international trade of breeding stocks. We discovered recent, genetically near-identical isolates from domestically raised poultry in North and South America. We obtained phylodynamic characteristics of global Salmonella Enteritidis populations that lend spatiotemporal support for its dispersal from centralized origins during the pandemic. We identified concordant patterns of international trade of breeding stocks and quantitatively established a driving role of the trade in the geographic dispersal of Salmonella Enteritidis, suggesting that the centralized origins were infected breeding stocks. Here we demonstrate the value of integrative and hypothesis-driven data mining in unravelling otherwise difficult-to-probe pathogen dissemination from hidden origins. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-08-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8387372/ /pubmed/34433807 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25319-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Li, Shaoting
He, Yingshu
Mann, David Ames
Deng, Xiangyu
Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title_full Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title_fullStr Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title_full_unstemmed Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title_short Global spread of Salmonella Enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
title_sort global spread of salmonella enteritidis via centralized sourcing and international trade of poultry breeding stocks
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8387372/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34433807
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25319-7
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