Olfactory groove meningioma with a 10-year history of smell loss and olfactory recovery after surgery

A rare cause of olfactory impairment is olfactory groove meningiomas with insidious onset of non-specific symptoms like headache, olfactory dysfunction, psychiatric symptoms such as depression, personality changes, declining cognitive function, visual disturbances or seizures. A common complication of surgery is loss of olfactory function. Still, the preservation of olfactory function should be attempted as olfactory loss often has a severe negative impact on quality of life. This report describes a woman with an olfactory groove meningioma and a 10-year history of olfactory impairment. It includes preoperatively and postoperatively extended olfactory testing, a neurosurgical approach to preserve the olfactory function and postoperative olfactory rehabilitation. After rehabilitation, the patient regained a normal olfactory function, even though the right-sided olfactory nerve could not be preserved during surgery. The case demonstrates the importance of performing neuroimaging in selected patients with olfactory loss and a method for preserving and potentially improving postoperative olfactory function.