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Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting

BACKGROUND: Lung function abnormalities may occur in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Small-airway disease (SAD) precedes abnormalities in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV (1)). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the presence and reversibility of SAD in HIV-infected...

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Autores principales: Ayuk, Adaeze C., Ndukwu, Chizalu I., Uwaezuoke, Samuel N.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8388566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34484440
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/atm.ATM_494_20
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author Ayuk, Adaeze C.
Ndukwu, Chizalu I.
Uwaezuoke, Samuel N.
author_facet Ayuk, Adaeze C.
Ndukwu, Chizalu I.
Uwaezuoke, Samuel N.
author_sort Ayuk, Adaeze C.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lung function abnormalities may occur in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Small-airway disease (SAD) precedes abnormalities in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV (1)). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the presence and reversibility of SAD in HIV-infected children using the Global Lung Function Initiative standards. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months at the Paediatric HIV Clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Eligible consenting children with HIV infection were recruited. Lung function was measured, and the reversibility of FEV(1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) was assessed at 12% while that of forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF(25-75)) was assessed at 12%, 15%, and 20%. Predictors of abnormal Z-score values were determined by multivariate linear and logistic regressions. Statistically significant values were set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean Z-score for FEV(1), FVC, and FEF(25-75) was − 2.19, −1.86, and − 1.60, respectively. Most patients (73%) had abnormal FEV(1), while 52% had abnormal FEF(25-75). Significant changes in FEV(1) (P = 0.001) and FEF(25-75) (P < 0.001) occurred after the bronchodilator response (BDR) test. Of the children whose FEV(1) showed positive BDR, 70.9% had low zFEV(1;) 50% had low zFEF(25-75), while all had low FEV(1.) Nutritional status (Z-score for body mass index) was significantly associated with low FEV(1.) CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal FEF(25-75) as a marker of SAD and FEV(1) with a positive BDR are common in HIV-infected children. These lung function abnormalities justify long-term follow-up for these patients.
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spelling pubmed-83885662021-09-03 Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting Ayuk, Adaeze C. Ndukwu, Chizalu I. Uwaezuoke, Samuel N. Ann Thorac Med Original Article BACKGROUND: Lung function abnormalities may occur in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Small-airway disease (SAD) precedes abnormalities in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV (1)). OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the presence and reversibility of SAD in HIV-infected children using the Global Lung Function Initiative standards. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted over 6 months at the Paediatric HIV Clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Eligible consenting children with HIV infection were recruited. Lung function was measured, and the reversibility of FEV(1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) was assessed at 12% while that of forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% (FEF(25-75)) was assessed at 12%, 15%, and 20%. Predictors of abnormal Z-score values were determined by multivariate linear and logistic regressions. Statistically significant values were set at P < 0.05. RESULTS: The mean Z-score for FEV(1), FVC, and FEF(25-75) was − 2.19, −1.86, and − 1.60, respectively. Most patients (73%) had abnormal FEV(1), while 52% had abnormal FEF(25-75). Significant changes in FEV(1) (P = 0.001) and FEF(25-75) (P < 0.001) occurred after the bronchodilator response (BDR) test. Of the children whose FEV(1) showed positive BDR, 70.9% had low zFEV(1;) 50% had low zFEF(25-75), while all had low FEV(1.) Nutritional status (Z-score for body mass index) was significantly associated with low FEV(1.) CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal FEF(25-75) as a marker of SAD and FEV(1) with a positive BDR are common in HIV-infected children. These lung function abnormalities justify long-term follow-up for these patients. Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2021 2021-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8388566/ /pubmed/34484440 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/atm.ATM_494_20 Text en Copyright: © 2021 Annals of Thoracic Medicine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
spellingShingle Original Article
Ayuk, Adaeze C.
Ndukwu, Chizalu I.
Uwaezuoke, Samuel N.
Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title_full Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title_fullStr Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title_full_unstemmed Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title_short Small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: A cross-sectional study in an African setting
title_sort small-airway disease and its reversibility in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children on highly active antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in an african setting
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8388566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34484440
http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/atm.ATM_494_20
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