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Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine

The antioxidant properties of melatonin can be successfully used to reduce the effects of oxidative stress caused by homocysteine. The beneficial actions of melatonin are mainly due to its ability to inhibit the generation of the hydroxyl radical during the oxidation of homocysteine. Melatonin prote...

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Autores principales: Karolczak, Kamil, Watala, Cezary
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8389035/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34439426
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081178
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author Karolczak, Kamil
Watala, Cezary
author_facet Karolczak, Kamil
Watala, Cezary
author_sort Karolczak, Kamil
collection PubMed
description The antioxidant properties of melatonin can be successfully used to reduce the effects of oxidative stress caused by homocysteine. The beneficial actions of melatonin are mainly due to its ability to inhibit the generation of the hydroxyl radical during the oxidation of homocysteine. Melatonin protects endothelial cells, neurons, and glia against the action of oxygen radicals generated by homocysteine and prevents the structural changes in cells that lead to impaired contractility of blood vessels and neuronal degeneration. It can be, therefore, assumed that the results obtained in experiments performed mainly in the in vitro models and occasionally in animal models may clear the way to clinical applications of melatonin in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, who exhibit a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular diseases of atherothrombotic etiology. However, the results that have been obtained so far are scarce and have seldom been performed on advanced in vivo models. All findings predominately originate from the use of in vitro models and the scarcity of clinical evidence is huge. Thus, this mini-review should be considered as a summary of the outcomes of the initial research in the field concerning the use of melatonin as a possibly efficient attenuator of oxidative stress induced by homocysteine.
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spelling pubmed-83890352021-08-27 Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine Karolczak, Kamil Watala, Cezary Antioxidants (Basel) Review The antioxidant properties of melatonin can be successfully used to reduce the effects of oxidative stress caused by homocysteine. The beneficial actions of melatonin are mainly due to its ability to inhibit the generation of the hydroxyl radical during the oxidation of homocysteine. Melatonin protects endothelial cells, neurons, and glia against the action of oxygen radicals generated by homocysteine and prevents the structural changes in cells that lead to impaired contractility of blood vessels and neuronal degeneration. It can be, therefore, assumed that the results obtained in experiments performed mainly in the in vitro models and occasionally in animal models may clear the way to clinical applications of melatonin in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, who exhibit a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular diseases of atherothrombotic etiology. However, the results that have been obtained so far are scarce and have seldom been performed on advanced in vivo models. All findings predominately originate from the use of in vitro models and the scarcity of clinical evidence is huge. Thus, this mini-review should be considered as a summary of the outcomes of the initial research in the field concerning the use of melatonin as a possibly efficient attenuator of oxidative stress induced by homocysteine. MDPI 2021-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8389035/ /pubmed/34439426 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081178 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Karolczak, Kamil
Watala, Cezary
Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title_full Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title_fullStr Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title_full_unstemmed Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title_short Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine
title_sort melatonin as a reducer of neuro- and vasculotoxic oxidative stress induced by homocysteine
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8389035/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34439426
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081178
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