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Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology

Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds having hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure. They can be of synthetic or of microbial origin, obtained respectively from chemical synthesis or from microorganisms’ activity. A new generation of ecofriendly surfactant molecules or biobased surf...

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Autores principales: Bjerk, Thiago R., Severino, Patricia, Jain, Sona, Marques, Conrado, Silva, Amélia M., Pashirova, Tatiana, Souto, Eliana B.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8389267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34436118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8080115
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author Bjerk, Thiago R.
Severino, Patricia
Jain, Sona
Marques, Conrado
Silva, Amélia M.
Pashirova, Tatiana
Souto, Eliana B.
author_facet Bjerk, Thiago R.
Severino, Patricia
Jain, Sona
Marques, Conrado
Silva, Amélia M.
Pashirova, Tatiana
Souto, Eliana B.
author_sort Bjerk, Thiago R.
collection PubMed
description Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds having hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure. They can be of synthetic or of microbial origin, obtained respectively from chemical synthesis or from microorganisms’ activity. A new generation of ecofriendly surfactant molecules or biobased surfactants is increasingly growing, attributed to their versatility of applications. Surfactants can be used as drug delivery systems for a range of molecules given their capacity to create micelles which can promote the encapsulation of bioactives of pharmaceutical interest; besides, these assemblies can also show antimicrobial properties. The advantages of biosurfactants include their high biodegradability profile, low risk of toxicity, production from renewable sources, functionality under extreme pH and temperature conditions, and long-term physicochemical stability. The application potential of these types of polymers is related to their properties enabling them to be processed by emulsification, separation, solubilization, surface (interfacial) tension, and adsorption for the production of a range of drug delivery systems. Biosurfactants have been employed as a drug delivery system to improve the bioavailability of a good number of drugs that exhibit low aqueous solubility. The great potential of these molecules is related to their auto assembly and emulsification capacity. Biosurfactants produced from bacteria are of particular interest due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties with therapeutic and biomedical potential. In this review, we discuss recent advances and perspectives of biosurfactants with antimicrobial properties and how they can be used as structures to develop semisolid hydrogels for drug delivery, in environmental bioremediation, in biotechnology for the reduction of production costs and also their ecotoxicological impact as pesticide alternative.
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spelling pubmed-83892672021-08-27 Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology Bjerk, Thiago R. Severino, Patricia Jain, Sona Marques, Conrado Silva, Amélia M. Pashirova, Tatiana Souto, Eliana B. Bioengineering (Basel) Review Surfactants are amphiphilic compounds having hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties in their structure. They can be of synthetic or of microbial origin, obtained respectively from chemical synthesis or from microorganisms’ activity. A new generation of ecofriendly surfactant molecules or biobased surfactants is increasingly growing, attributed to their versatility of applications. Surfactants can be used as drug delivery systems for a range of molecules given their capacity to create micelles which can promote the encapsulation of bioactives of pharmaceutical interest; besides, these assemblies can also show antimicrobial properties. The advantages of biosurfactants include their high biodegradability profile, low risk of toxicity, production from renewable sources, functionality under extreme pH and temperature conditions, and long-term physicochemical stability. The application potential of these types of polymers is related to their properties enabling them to be processed by emulsification, separation, solubilization, surface (interfacial) tension, and adsorption for the production of a range of drug delivery systems. Biosurfactants have been employed as a drug delivery system to improve the bioavailability of a good number of drugs that exhibit low aqueous solubility. The great potential of these molecules is related to their auto assembly and emulsification capacity. Biosurfactants produced from bacteria are of particular interest due to their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties with therapeutic and biomedical potential. In this review, we discuss recent advances and perspectives of biosurfactants with antimicrobial properties and how they can be used as structures to develop semisolid hydrogels for drug delivery, in environmental bioremediation, in biotechnology for the reduction of production costs and also their ecotoxicological impact as pesticide alternative. MDPI 2021-08-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8389267/ /pubmed/34436118 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8080115 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Bjerk, Thiago R.
Severino, Patricia
Jain, Sona
Marques, Conrado
Silva, Amélia M.
Pashirova, Tatiana
Souto, Eliana B.
Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title_full Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title_fullStr Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title_full_unstemmed Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title_short Biosurfactants: Properties and Applications in Drug Delivery, Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology
title_sort biosurfactants: properties and applications in drug delivery, biotechnology and ecotoxicology
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8389267/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34436118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8080115
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