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Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession

Objective: To analyse the trends in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality, and the associated socioeconomic inequalities, in nine European cities and urban areas before and after the onset of the 2008 financial crisis. Methods: This is an ecological study of trends in three periods of time:...

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Autores principales: Borrell, Carme, Palència, Laia, Bosakova, Lucia, Gotsens, Mercè, Morrison, Joana, Costa, Claudia, Dzurova, Dagmar, Deboosere, Patrick, Lustigova, Michala, Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc, Rodopoulou, Sophia, Santana, Paula
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8391471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34444557
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168801
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author Borrell, Carme
Palència, Laia
Bosakova, Lucia
Gotsens, Mercè
Morrison, Joana
Costa, Claudia
Dzurova, Dagmar
Deboosere, Patrick
Lustigova, Michala
Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc
Rodopoulou, Sophia
Santana, Paula
author_facet Borrell, Carme
Palència, Laia
Bosakova, Lucia
Gotsens, Mercè
Morrison, Joana
Costa, Claudia
Dzurova, Dagmar
Deboosere, Patrick
Lustigova, Michala
Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc
Rodopoulou, Sophia
Santana, Paula
author_sort Borrell, Carme
collection PubMed
description Objective: To analyse the trends in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality, and the associated socioeconomic inequalities, in nine European cities and urban areas before and after the onset of the 2008 financial crisis. Methods: This is an ecological study of trends in three periods of time: two before (2000–2003 and 2004–2008), and one after (2009–2014) the onset of the economic crisis. The units of analysis were the geographical areas of nine cities or urban areas in Europe. We analysed chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis standardised mortality ratios, smoothing them with a hierarchical Bayesian model by each city, area, and sex. An ecological regression model was fitted to analyse the trends in socioeconomic inequalities, and included the socioeconomic deprivation index, the period, and their interaction. Results: In general, chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality rates were higher in men than in women. These rates decreased in all cities during the financial crisis, except among men in Athens (rates increased from 8.50 per 100,000 inhabitants during the second period to 9.42 during the third). Socioeconomic inequalities in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality were found in six cities/metropolitan areas among men, and in four among women. Finally, in the periods studied, such inequalities did not significantly change. However, among men they increased in Turin and Barcelona and among women, several cities had lower inequalities in the third period. Conclusions: There are geographical socioeconomic inequalities in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality, mainly among men, that did not change during the 2008 financial crisis. These results should be monitored in the long term.
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spelling pubmed-83914712021-08-28 Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession Borrell, Carme Palència, Laia Bosakova, Lucia Gotsens, Mercè Morrison, Joana Costa, Claudia Dzurova, Dagmar Deboosere, Patrick Lustigova, Michala Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc Rodopoulou, Sophia Santana, Paula Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Objective: To analyse the trends in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality, and the associated socioeconomic inequalities, in nine European cities and urban areas before and after the onset of the 2008 financial crisis. Methods: This is an ecological study of trends in three periods of time: two before (2000–2003 and 2004–2008), and one after (2009–2014) the onset of the economic crisis. The units of analysis were the geographical areas of nine cities or urban areas in Europe. We analysed chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis standardised mortality ratios, smoothing them with a hierarchical Bayesian model by each city, area, and sex. An ecological regression model was fitted to analyse the trends in socioeconomic inequalities, and included the socioeconomic deprivation index, the period, and their interaction. Results: In general, chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality rates were higher in men than in women. These rates decreased in all cities during the financial crisis, except among men in Athens (rates increased from 8.50 per 100,000 inhabitants during the second period to 9.42 during the third). Socioeconomic inequalities in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality were found in six cities/metropolitan areas among men, and in four among women. Finally, in the periods studied, such inequalities did not significantly change. However, among men they increased in Turin and Barcelona and among women, several cities had lower inequalities in the third period. Conclusions: There are geographical socioeconomic inequalities in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality, mainly among men, that did not change during the 2008 financial crisis. These results should be monitored in the long term. MDPI 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8391471/ /pubmed/34444557 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168801 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Borrell, Carme
Palència, Laia
Bosakova, Lucia
Gotsens, Mercè
Morrison, Joana
Costa, Claudia
Dzurova, Dagmar
Deboosere, Patrick
Lustigova, Michala
Marí-Dell’Olmo, Marc
Rodopoulou, Sophia
Santana, Paula
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title_full Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title_fullStr Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title_full_unstemmed Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title_short Socioeconomic Inequalities in Chronic Liver Diseases and Cirrhosis Mortality in European Urban Areas before and after the Onset of the 2008 Economic Recession
title_sort socioeconomic inequalities in chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis mortality in european urban areas before and after the onset of the 2008 economic recession
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8391471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34444557
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168801
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