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Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics
Cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IFs), which together with actin and microtubules form the cytoskeleton, are composed of a large and diverse family of proteins. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for IF-associated diseases increasingly point towards a major contribution of...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440673 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081905 |
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author | van Bodegraven, Emma J. Etienne-Manneville, Sandrine |
author_facet | van Bodegraven, Emma J. Etienne-Manneville, Sandrine |
author_sort | van Bodegraven, Emma J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IFs), which together with actin and microtubules form the cytoskeleton, are composed of a large and diverse family of proteins. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for IF-associated diseases increasingly point towards a major contribution of IFs to the cell’s ability to adapt, resist and respond to mechanical challenges. From these observations, which echo the impressive resilience of IFs in vitro, we here discuss the role of IFs as master integrators of cell and tissue mechanics. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the contribution of IFs to cell and tissue mechanics and explain these results in light of recent in vitro studies that have investigated physical properties of single IFs and IF networks. Finally, we highlight how changes in IF gene expression, network assembly dynamics, and post-translational modifications can tune IF properties to adapt cell and tissue mechanics to changing environments. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8392029 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83920292021-08-28 Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics van Bodegraven, Emma J. Etienne-Manneville, Sandrine Cells Review Cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IFs), which together with actin and microtubules form the cytoskeleton, are composed of a large and diverse family of proteins. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for IF-associated diseases increasingly point towards a major contribution of IFs to the cell’s ability to adapt, resist and respond to mechanical challenges. From these observations, which echo the impressive resilience of IFs in vitro, we here discuss the role of IFs as master integrators of cell and tissue mechanics. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the contribution of IFs to cell and tissue mechanics and explain these results in light of recent in vitro studies that have investigated physical properties of single IFs and IF networks. Finally, we highlight how changes in IF gene expression, network assembly dynamics, and post-translational modifications can tune IF properties to adapt cell and tissue mechanics to changing environments. MDPI 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8392029/ /pubmed/34440673 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081905 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review van Bodegraven, Emma J. Etienne-Manneville, Sandrine Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title | Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title_full | Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title_fullStr | Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title_full_unstemmed | Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title_short | Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics |
title_sort | intermediate filaments from tissue integrity to single molecule mechanics |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392029/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440673 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10081905 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT vanbodegravenemmaj intermediatefilamentsfromtissueintegritytosinglemoleculemechanics AT etiennemannevillesandrine intermediatefilamentsfromtissueintegritytosinglemoleculemechanics |