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Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers

Ionising radiation (IR) is an environmental factor known to alter genomes and therefore challenge organisms to adapt. Lithuanian clean-up workers of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster (LCWC) experienced high doses of IR, leading to different consequences. This study aims to characterise a unique protect...

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Autores principales: Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė, Domarkienė, Ingrida, Matulevičienė, Aušra, Vaitėnienė, Evelina Marija, Arasimavičius, Justas, Smailytė, Giedrė, Kučinskas, Vaidutis, Ambrozaitytė, Laima
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081231
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author Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė
Domarkienė, Ingrida
Matulevičienė, Aušra
Vaitėnienė, Evelina Marija
Arasimavičius, Justas
Smailytė, Giedrė
Kučinskas, Vaidutis
Ambrozaitytė, Laima
author_facet Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė
Domarkienė, Ingrida
Matulevičienė, Aušra
Vaitėnienė, Evelina Marija
Arasimavičius, Justas
Smailytė, Giedrė
Kučinskas, Vaidutis
Ambrozaitytė, Laima
author_sort Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė
collection PubMed
description Ionising radiation (IR) is an environmental factor known to alter genomes and therefore challenge organisms to adapt. Lithuanian clean-up workers of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster (LCWC) experienced high doses of IR, leading to different consequences. This study aims to characterise a unique protective genomic variation in a relatively healthy LCWC group. This variation influenced their individual reaction to IR and potentially protects against certain diseases such as exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma. Clinical and IR dosage data were collected using a questionnaire to characterise the cohort of 93 LCWC. Genome-wide genotyping using Illumina beadchip technology was performed. The control group included 466 unrelated, self-reported healthy individuals of Lithuanian descent. Genotypes were filtered out from the microarray dataset using a catalogue of SNPs. The data were used to perform association, linkage disequilibrium, and epistasis analysis. Phenotype data analysis showed the distribution of the most common disease groups among the LCWC. A genomic variant of statistical significance (Fishers’ exact test, p = 0.019), rs3825942, was identified in LOXL1 (NM_005576.4:c.458G>A). Linkage disequilibrium and epistasis analysis for this variant identified the genes LHFPL3, GALNT6, PIH1D1, ANKS1B, and METRNL as potentially involved in the etiopathogenesis of exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma, which were not previously associated with the disease. The LOXL1 variant is mostly considered a risk factor in the development of exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma. The influence of recent positive selection, the phenomenon of allele-flipping, and the fact that only individuals with the homozygous reference allele have glaucoma in the cohort of the LCWC suggest otherwise. The identification of rs3825942 and other potentially protective genomic variants may be useful for further analysis of the genetic architecture and etiopathogenetic mechanisms of other multifactorial diseases.
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spelling pubmed-83923142021-08-28 Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė Domarkienė, Ingrida Matulevičienė, Aušra Vaitėnienė, Evelina Marija Arasimavičius, Justas Smailytė, Giedrė Kučinskas, Vaidutis Ambrozaitytė, Laima Genes (Basel) Article Ionising radiation (IR) is an environmental factor known to alter genomes and therefore challenge organisms to adapt. Lithuanian clean-up workers of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster (LCWC) experienced high doses of IR, leading to different consequences. This study aims to characterise a unique protective genomic variation in a relatively healthy LCWC group. This variation influenced their individual reaction to IR and potentially protects against certain diseases such as exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma. Clinical and IR dosage data were collected using a questionnaire to characterise the cohort of 93 LCWC. Genome-wide genotyping using Illumina beadchip technology was performed. The control group included 466 unrelated, self-reported healthy individuals of Lithuanian descent. Genotypes were filtered out from the microarray dataset using a catalogue of SNPs. The data were used to perform association, linkage disequilibrium, and epistasis analysis. Phenotype data analysis showed the distribution of the most common disease groups among the LCWC. A genomic variant of statistical significance (Fishers’ exact test, p = 0.019), rs3825942, was identified in LOXL1 (NM_005576.4:c.458G>A). Linkage disequilibrium and epistasis analysis for this variant identified the genes LHFPL3, GALNT6, PIH1D1, ANKS1B, and METRNL as potentially involved in the etiopathogenesis of exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma, which were not previously associated with the disease. The LOXL1 variant is mostly considered a risk factor in the development of exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma. The influence of recent positive selection, the phenomenon of allele-flipping, and the fact that only individuals with the homozygous reference allele have glaucoma in the cohort of the LCWC suggest otherwise. The identification of rs3825942 and other potentially protective genomic variants may be useful for further analysis of the genetic architecture and etiopathogenetic mechanisms of other multifactorial diseases. MDPI 2021-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8392314/ /pubmed/34440405 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081231 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Žukauskaitė, Gabrielė
Domarkienė, Ingrida
Matulevičienė, Aušra
Vaitėnienė, Evelina Marija
Arasimavičius, Justas
Smailytė, Giedrė
Kučinskas, Vaidutis
Ambrozaitytė, Laima
Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title_full Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title_fullStr Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title_full_unstemmed Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title_short Possible Protective Effect of LOXL1 Variant in the Cohort of Chernobyl Catastrophe Clean-Up Workers
title_sort possible protective effect of loxl1 variant in the cohort of chernobyl catastrophe clean-up workers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392314/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34440405
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081231
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