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Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer
The effects of heavy metals on cancer risk have been widely studied in recent decades, but there is limited data on the effects of these elements on cancer survival. In this research, we examined whether blood concentrations of the heavy metals arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were associated with...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392714/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34439826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081160 |
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author | Pietrzak, Sandra Wójcik, Janusz Baszuk, Piotr Marciniak, Wojciech Wojtyś, Małgorzata Dębniak, Tadeusz Cybulski, Cezary Gronwald, Jacek Alchimowicz, Jacek Masojć, Bartłomiej Waloszczyk, Piotr Gajić, Darko Grodzki, Tomasz Jakubowska, Anna Scott, Rodney J. Lubiński, Jan Lener, Marcin R. |
author_facet | Pietrzak, Sandra Wójcik, Janusz Baszuk, Piotr Marciniak, Wojciech Wojtyś, Małgorzata Dębniak, Tadeusz Cybulski, Cezary Gronwald, Jacek Alchimowicz, Jacek Masojć, Bartłomiej Waloszczyk, Piotr Gajić, Darko Grodzki, Tomasz Jakubowska, Anna Scott, Rodney J. Lubiński, Jan Lener, Marcin R. |
author_sort | Pietrzak, Sandra |
collection | PubMed |
description | The effects of heavy metals on cancer risk have been widely studied in recent decades, but there is limited data on the effects of these elements on cancer survival. In this research, we examined whether blood concentrations of the heavy metals arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were associated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. The study group consisted of 336 patients with lung cancer who were prospectively observed. Blood concentrations of heavy metals were measured to study the relationship between their levels and overall survival using Cox proportional hazards analysis. The hazard ratio of death from all causes was 0.99 (p = 0.94) for arsenic, 1.37 (p = 0.15) for cadmium, 1.55 (p = 0.04) for mercury, and 1.18 (p = 0.47) for lead in patients from the lowest concentration quartile, compared with those in the highest quartile. Among the patients with stage IA disease, this relationship was statistically significant (HR = 7.36; p < 0.01) for cadmium levels in the highest quartile (>1.97–7.77 µg/L) compared to quartile I (0.23–0.57 µg/L, reference). This study revealed that low blood cadmium levels <1.47 µg/L are probably associated with improved overall survival in treated patients with stage IA disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8392714 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83927142021-08-28 Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer Pietrzak, Sandra Wójcik, Janusz Baszuk, Piotr Marciniak, Wojciech Wojtyś, Małgorzata Dębniak, Tadeusz Cybulski, Cezary Gronwald, Jacek Alchimowicz, Jacek Masojć, Bartłomiej Waloszczyk, Piotr Gajić, Darko Grodzki, Tomasz Jakubowska, Anna Scott, Rodney J. Lubiński, Jan Lener, Marcin R. Biomolecules Article The effects of heavy metals on cancer risk have been widely studied in recent decades, but there is limited data on the effects of these elements on cancer survival. In this research, we examined whether blood concentrations of the heavy metals arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead were associated with the overall survival of lung cancer patients. The study group consisted of 336 patients with lung cancer who were prospectively observed. Blood concentrations of heavy metals were measured to study the relationship between their levels and overall survival using Cox proportional hazards analysis. The hazard ratio of death from all causes was 0.99 (p = 0.94) for arsenic, 1.37 (p = 0.15) for cadmium, 1.55 (p = 0.04) for mercury, and 1.18 (p = 0.47) for lead in patients from the lowest concentration quartile, compared with those in the highest quartile. Among the patients with stage IA disease, this relationship was statistically significant (HR = 7.36; p < 0.01) for cadmium levels in the highest quartile (>1.97–7.77 µg/L) compared to quartile I (0.23–0.57 µg/L, reference). This study revealed that low blood cadmium levels <1.47 µg/L are probably associated with improved overall survival in treated patients with stage IA disease. MDPI 2021-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8392714/ /pubmed/34439826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081160 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Pietrzak, Sandra Wójcik, Janusz Baszuk, Piotr Marciniak, Wojciech Wojtyś, Małgorzata Dębniak, Tadeusz Cybulski, Cezary Gronwald, Jacek Alchimowicz, Jacek Masojć, Bartłomiej Waloszczyk, Piotr Gajić, Darko Grodzki, Tomasz Jakubowska, Anna Scott, Rodney J. Lubiński, Jan Lener, Marcin R. Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title | Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title_full | Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title_fullStr | Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title_short | Influence of the Levels of Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury and Lead on Overall Survival in Lung Cancer |
title_sort | influence of the levels of arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead on overall survival in lung cancer |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8392714/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34439826 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11081160 |
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