Detection and Associated Factors for Cervical Precancerous Lesions Among HIV-Positive Women from High HIV-Burden Areas — China, 2015−2016

What is already known about this topic? Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among HIV-positive women. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended a program of cervical cancer screening for HIV-positive women. Prospective follow-up studies and specific recommendations on cervical cancer screening for HIV-positive women in China are not currently being performed. What is added by this report? Among HIV-positive women from high HIV-burden areas of China, the detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) in the baseline survey and the incidence of CIN2+ in the follow-up survey after 18 months was high. High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection and early (< 18 years old) sexual debut was associated with CIN2+ among HIV-positive women. What are the implications for public health practice? HIV-positive women need cervical cancer prevention and regular screening services. These women might benefit from a cervical cancer screening program that combines hrHPV test and cytology and has short intervals between screenings.