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Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019

This study estimated the effects of Medicaid Expansion, demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and health status on disease management of diabetes over time. The hypothesis was that the introduction of the ACA and particularly Medicaid Expansion would increase the following dependent variables (a...

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Autores principales: Fulton, Lawrence V., Adepoju, Omolola E., Dolezel, Diane, Ekin, Tahir, Gibbs, David, Hewitt, Barbara, McLeod, Alexander, Liaw, Winston, Lieneck, Cristian, Ramamonjiarivelo, Zo, Shanmugam, Ram, Woodward, Lechauncey D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8393363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34442081
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080944
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author Fulton, Lawrence V.
Adepoju, Omolola E.
Dolezel, Diane
Ekin, Tahir
Gibbs, David
Hewitt, Barbara
McLeod, Alexander
Liaw, Winston
Lieneck, Cristian
Ramamonjiarivelo, Zo
Shanmugam, Ram
Woodward, Lechauncey D.
author_facet Fulton, Lawrence V.
Adepoju, Omolola E.
Dolezel, Diane
Ekin, Tahir
Gibbs, David
Hewitt, Barbara
McLeod, Alexander
Liaw, Winston
Lieneck, Cristian
Ramamonjiarivelo, Zo
Shanmugam, Ram
Woodward, Lechauncey D.
author_sort Fulton, Lawrence V.
collection PubMed
description This study estimated the effects of Medicaid Expansion, demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and health status on disease management of diabetes over time. The hypothesis was that the introduction of the ACA and particularly Medicaid Expansion would increase the following dependent variables (all proportions): (1) provider checks of HbA1c, (2) provider checks of feet, (3) provider checks of eyes, (4) patient education, (5) annual physician checks for diabetes, (6) patient self-checks of blood sugar. Data were available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2011 to 2019. We filtered the data to include only patients with diagnosed non-gestational diabetes of age 45 or older (n = 510,991 cases prior to weighting). Linear splines modeled Medicaid Expansion based on state of residence as well as implementation status. Descriptive time series plots showed no major changes in proportions of the dependent variables over time. Quasibinomial analysis showed that implementation of Medicaid Expansion had a statistically negative effect on patient self-checks of blood sugar (odds ratio = 0.971, p < 0.001), a statistically positive effect on physician checks of HbA1c (odds ratio = 1.048, p < 0.001), a statistically positive effect on feet checks (odds ratio = 1.021, p < 0.001), and no other significant effects. Evidence of demographic, SES, and health status disparities existed for most of the dependent variables. This finding was especially significant for HbA1c checks by providers. Barriers to achieving better diabetic care remain and require innovative policy interventions.
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spelling pubmed-83933632021-08-28 Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019 Fulton, Lawrence V. Adepoju, Omolola E. Dolezel, Diane Ekin, Tahir Gibbs, David Hewitt, Barbara McLeod, Alexander Liaw, Winston Lieneck, Cristian Ramamonjiarivelo, Zo Shanmugam, Ram Woodward, Lechauncey D. Healthcare (Basel) Article This study estimated the effects of Medicaid Expansion, demographics, socioeconomic status (SES), and health status on disease management of diabetes over time. The hypothesis was that the introduction of the ACA and particularly Medicaid Expansion would increase the following dependent variables (all proportions): (1) provider checks of HbA1c, (2) provider checks of feet, (3) provider checks of eyes, (4) patient education, (5) annual physician checks for diabetes, (6) patient self-checks of blood sugar. Data were available from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2011 to 2019. We filtered the data to include only patients with diagnosed non-gestational diabetes of age 45 or older (n = 510,991 cases prior to weighting). Linear splines modeled Medicaid Expansion based on state of residence as well as implementation status. Descriptive time series plots showed no major changes in proportions of the dependent variables over time. Quasibinomial analysis showed that implementation of Medicaid Expansion had a statistically negative effect on patient self-checks of blood sugar (odds ratio = 0.971, p < 0.001), a statistically positive effect on physician checks of HbA1c (odds ratio = 1.048, p < 0.001), a statistically positive effect on feet checks (odds ratio = 1.021, p < 0.001), and no other significant effects. Evidence of demographic, SES, and health status disparities existed for most of the dependent variables. This finding was especially significant for HbA1c checks by providers. Barriers to achieving better diabetic care remain and require innovative policy interventions. MDPI 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8393363/ /pubmed/34442081 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080944 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Fulton, Lawrence V.
Adepoju, Omolola E.
Dolezel, Diane
Ekin, Tahir
Gibbs, David
Hewitt, Barbara
McLeod, Alexander
Liaw, Winston
Lieneck, Cristian
Ramamonjiarivelo, Zo
Shanmugam, Ram
Woodward, Lechauncey D.
Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title_full Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title_fullStr Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title_short Determinants of Diabetes Disease Management, 2011–2019
title_sort determinants of diabetes disease management, 2011–2019
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8393363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34442081
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9080944
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