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Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot
Herd immunity is essential to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), especially in immunocompromised patients. Convalescent individuals should be vaccinated later due to vaccine shortage, as studies show that neutralizing antibodies generated during infection are...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8394367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34441374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081439 |
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author | Thümmler, Laura Schwarzkopf, Sina Knop, Dietmar Ross, J. Alexander Berg, Victoria Horn, Peter A. Lindemann, Monika |
author_facet | Thümmler, Laura Schwarzkopf, Sina Knop, Dietmar Ross, J. Alexander Berg, Victoria Horn, Peter A. Lindemann, Monika |
author_sort | Thümmler, Laura |
collection | PubMed |
description | Herd immunity is essential to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), especially in immunocompromised patients. Convalescent individuals should be vaccinated later due to vaccine shortage, as studies show that neutralizing antibodies generated during infection are stable for at least 6 months. Cellular immunity is also detectable for months. However, there is evidence of cross-reactivity of T cells with human endemic coronaviruses (HCoVs). Here, we show that cross-reactivity—which may prevent the specific detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses—can be avoided if cells are stimulated with the N-terminus of the spike protein in IFN-γ ELISpot. In contrast to previous studies, we examined T-cell responses against all four known HCoVs using IFN-γ ELISpot in 19 convalescent volunteers and 10 fully vaccinated volunteers. In addition, we performed Spearman analyses to detect cross-reactivity of T cells. We observed no correlation between T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 and human endemic coronaviruses, either in the whole cohort or in the individual groups. The use of the respective stimuli could lead to a more accurate assessment of cellular immunity in recovered individuals. This testing procedure could help to define the best time point at which convalescents should receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8394367 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83943672021-08-28 Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot Thümmler, Laura Schwarzkopf, Sina Knop, Dietmar Ross, J. Alexander Berg, Victoria Horn, Peter A. Lindemann, Monika Diagnostics (Basel) Article Herd immunity is essential to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), especially in immunocompromised patients. Convalescent individuals should be vaccinated later due to vaccine shortage, as studies show that neutralizing antibodies generated during infection are stable for at least 6 months. Cellular immunity is also detectable for months. However, there is evidence of cross-reactivity of T cells with human endemic coronaviruses (HCoVs). Here, we show that cross-reactivity—which may prevent the specific detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses—can be avoided if cells are stimulated with the N-terminus of the spike protein in IFN-γ ELISpot. In contrast to previous studies, we examined T-cell responses against all four known HCoVs using IFN-γ ELISpot in 19 convalescent volunteers and 10 fully vaccinated volunteers. In addition, we performed Spearman analyses to detect cross-reactivity of T cells. We observed no correlation between T-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 and human endemic coronaviruses, either in the whole cohort or in the individual groups. The use of the respective stimuli could lead to a more accurate assessment of cellular immunity in recovered individuals. This testing procedure could help to define the best time point at which convalescents should receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. MDPI 2021-08-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8394367/ /pubmed/34441374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081439 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Thümmler, Laura Schwarzkopf, Sina Knop, Dietmar Ross, J. Alexander Berg, Victoria Horn, Peter A. Lindemann, Monika Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title_full | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title_fullStr | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title_short | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2- and HCoV-Specific T Cell Response Using IFN-γ ELISpot |
title_sort | comparison of sars-cov-2- and hcov-specific t cell response using ifn-γ elispot |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8394367/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34441374 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11081439 |
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