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PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a master regulator of metabolism, adipogenesis, inflammation and cell cycle, and it has been extensively studied in the brain in relation to inflammation or neurodegeneration. Little is known however about its role in viral infections of th...

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Autores principales: Layrolle, Pierre, Payoux, Pierre, Chavanas, Stéphane
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8396218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168876
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author Layrolle, Pierre
Payoux, Pierre
Chavanas, Stéphane
author_facet Layrolle, Pierre
Payoux, Pierre
Chavanas, Stéphane
author_sort Layrolle, Pierre
collection PubMed
description Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a master regulator of metabolism, adipogenesis, inflammation and cell cycle, and it has been extensively studied in the brain in relation to inflammation or neurodegeneration. Little is known however about its role in viral infections of the brain parenchyma, although they represent the most frequent cause of encephalitis and are a major threat for the developing brain. Specific to viral infections is the ability to subvert signaling pathways of the host cell to ensure virus replication and spreading, as deleterious as the consequences may be for the host. In this respect, the pleiotropic role of PPARγ makes it a critical target of infection. This review aims to provide an update on the role of PPARγ in viral infections of the brain. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of PPARγ in brain or neural cells infected by immunodeficiency virus 1, Zika virus, or human cytomegalovirus. They have provided a better understanding on PPARγ functions in the infected brain, and revealed that it can be a double-edged sword with respect to inflammation, viral replication, or neuronogenesis. They unraveled new roles of PPARγ in health and disease and could possibly help designing new therapeutic strategies.
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spelling pubmed-83962182021-08-28 PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain Layrolle, Pierre Payoux, Pierre Chavanas, Stéphane Int J Mol Sci Review Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a master regulator of metabolism, adipogenesis, inflammation and cell cycle, and it has been extensively studied in the brain in relation to inflammation or neurodegeneration. Little is known however about its role in viral infections of the brain parenchyma, although they represent the most frequent cause of encephalitis and are a major threat for the developing brain. Specific to viral infections is the ability to subvert signaling pathways of the host cell to ensure virus replication and spreading, as deleterious as the consequences may be for the host. In this respect, the pleiotropic role of PPARγ makes it a critical target of infection. This review aims to provide an update on the role of PPARγ in viral infections of the brain. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of PPARγ in brain or neural cells infected by immunodeficiency virus 1, Zika virus, or human cytomegalovirus. They have provided a better understanding on PPARγ functions in the infected brain, and revealed that it can be a double-edged sword with respect to inflammation, viral replication, or neuronogenesis. They unraveled new roles of PPARγ in health and disease and could possibly help designing new therapeutic strategies. MDPI 2021-08-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8396218/ /pubmed/34445581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168876 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Layrolle, Pierre
Payoux, Pierre
Chavanas, Stéphane
PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title_full PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title_fullStr PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title_full_unstemmed PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title_short PPAR Gamma and Viral Infections of the Brain
title_sort ppar gamma and viral infections of the brain
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8396218/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168876
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