Cargando…
Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new, highly pathogenic virus that has recently elicited a global pandemic called the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is characterized by significant immune dysfunction, which is caused by strong but unregulated innate immunity with d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8396570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168988 |
_version_ | 1783744403697827840 |
---|---|
author | Chiu, Sheng-Kang Tsai, Kuo-Wang Wu, Chia-Chao Zheng, Cai-Mei Yang, Chung-Hsiang Hu, Wan-Chung Hou, Yi-Chou Lu, Kuo-Cheng Chao, You-Chen |
author_facet | Chiu, Sheng-Kang Tsai, Kuo-Wang Wu, Chia-Chao Zheng, Cai-Mei Yang, Chung-Hsiang Hu, Wan-Chung Hou, Yi-Chou Lu, Kuo-Cheng Chao, You-Chen |
author_sort | Chiu, Sheng-Kang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new, highly pathogenic virus that has recently elicited a global pandemic called the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is characterized by significant immune dysfunction, which is caused by strong but unregulated innate immunity with depressed adaptive immunity. Reduced and delayed responses to interferons (IFN-I/IFN-III) can increase the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and extensive immune cell infiltration into the airways, leading to pulmonary disease. The development of effective treatments for severe COVID-19 patients relies on our knowledge of the pathophysiological components of this imbalanced innate immune response. Strategies to address innate response factors will be essential. Significant efforts are currently underway to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 vaccines, such as inactivated DNA, mRNA, and protein subunit vaccines, have already been applied in clinical use. Various vaccines display different levels of effectiveness, and it is important to continue to optimize and update their composition in order to increase their effectiveness. However, due to the continuous emergence of variant viruses, improving the immunity of the general public may also increase the effectiveness of the vaccines. Many observational studies have demonstrated that serum levels of vitamin D are inversely correlated with the incidence or severity of COVID-19. Extensive evidence has shown that vitamin D supplementation could be vital in mitigating the progression of COVID-19 to reduce its severity. Vitamin D defends against SARS-CoV-2 through a complex mechanism through interactions between the modulation of innate and adaptive immune reactions, ACE2 expression, and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). However, it remains unclear whether Vit-D also plays an important role in the effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccines. Based on analysis of the molecular mechanism involved, we speculated that vit-D, via various immune signaling pathways, plays a complementary role in the development of vaccine efficacy. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8396570 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83965702021-08-28 Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination Chiu, Sheng-Kang Tsai, Kuo-Wang Wu, Chia-Chao Zheng, Cai-Mei Yang, Chung-Hsiang Hu, Wan-Chung Hou, Yi-Chou Lu, Kuo-Cheng Chao, You-Chen Int J Mol Sci Review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is a new, highly pathogenic virus that has recently elicited a global pandemic called the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). COVID-19 is characterized by significant immune dysfunction, which is caused by strong but unregulated innate immunity with depressed adaptive immunity. Reduced and delayed responses to interferons (IFN-I/IFN-III) can increase the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines and extensive immune cell infiltration into the airways, leading to pulmonary disease. The development of effective treatments for severe COVID-19 patients relies on our knowledge of the pathophysiological components of this imbalanced innate immune response. Strategies to address innate response factors will be essential. Significant efforts are currently underway to develop vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 vaccines, such as inactivated DNA, mRNA, and protein subunit vaccines, have already been applied in clinical use. Various vaccines display different levels of effectiveness, and it is important to continue to optimize and update their composition in order to increase their effectiveness. However, due to the continuous emergence of variant viruses, improving the immunity of the general public may also increase the effectiveness of the vaccines. Many observational studies have demonstrated that serum levels of vitamin D are inversely correlated with the incidence or severity of COVID-19. Extensive evidence has shown that vitamin D supplementation could be vital in mitigating the progression of COVID-19 to reduce its severity. Vitamin D defends against SARS-CoV-2 through a complex mechanism through interactions between the modulation of innate and adaptive immune reactions, ACE2 expression, and inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). However, it remains unclear whether Vit-D also plays an important role in the effectiveness of different COVID-19 vaccines. Based on analysis of the molecular mechanism involved, we speculated that vit-D, via various immune signaling pathways, plays a complementary role in the development of vaccine efficacy. MDPI 2021-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8396570/ /pubmed/34445700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168988 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Chiu, Sheng-Kang Tsai, Kuo-Wang Wu, Chia-Chao Zheng, Cai-Mei Yang, Chung-Hsiang Hu, Wan-Chung Hou, Yi-Chou Lu, Kuo-Cheng Chao, You-Chen Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title | Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title_full | Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title_fullStr | Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title_full_unstemmed | Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title_short | Putative Role of Vitamin D for COVID-19 Vaccination |
title_sort | putative role of vitamin d for covid-19 vaccination |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8396570/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34445700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168988 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT chiushengkang putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT tsaikuowang putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT wuchiachao putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT zhengcaimei putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT yangchunghsiang putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT huwanchung putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT houyichou putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT lukuocheng putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination AT chaoyouchen putativeroleofvitamindforcovid19vaccination |