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Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study
Cognitive biases can adversely affect human judgment and decision making and should therefore preferably be mitigated, so that we can achieve our goals as effectively as possible. Hence, numerous bias mitigation interventions have been developed and evaluated. However, to be effective in practical s...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397507/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34456780 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629354 |
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author | Korteling, J.E. (Hans) Gerritsma, Jasmin Y. J. Toet, Alexander |
author_facet | Korteling, J.E. (Hans) Gerritsma, Jasmin Y. J. Toet, Alexander |
author_sort | Korteling, J.E. (Hans) |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cognitive biases can adversely affect human judgment and decision making and should therefore preferably be mitigated, so that we can achieve our goals as effectively as possible. Hence, numerous bias mitigation interventions have been developed and evaluated. However, to be effective in practical situations beyond laboratory conditions, the bias mitigation effects of these interventions should be retained over time and should transfer across contexts. This systematic review provides an overview of the literature on retention and transfer of bias mitigation interventions. A systematic search yielded 52 studies that were eligible for screening. At the end of the selection process, only 12 peer-reviewed studies remained that adequately studied retention over a period of at least 14 days (all 12 studies) or transfer to different tasks and contexts (one study). Eleven of the relevant studies investigated the effects of bias mitigation training using game- or video-based interventions. These 11 studies showed considerable overlap regarding the biases studied, kinds of interventions, and decision-making domains. Most of them indicated that gaming interventions were effective after the retention interval and that games were more effective than video interventions. The study that investigated transfer of bias mitigation training (next to retention) found indications of transfer across contexts. To be effective in practical circumstances, achieved effects of cognitive training should lead to enduring changes in the decision maker's behavior and should generalize toward other task domains or training contexts. Given the small number of overlapping studies, our main conclusion is that there is currently insufficient evidence that bias mitigation interventions will substantially help people to make better decisions in real life conditions. This is in line with recent theoretical insights about the “hard-wired” neural and evolutionary origin of cognitive biases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8397507 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83975072021-08-28 Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study Korteling, J.E. (Hans) Gerritsma, Jasmin Y. J. Toet, Alexander Front Psychol Psychology Cognitive biases can adversely affect human judgment and decision making and should therefore preferably be mitigated, so that we can achieve our goals as effectively as possible. Hence, numerous bias mitigation interventions have been developed and evaluated. However, to be effective in practical situations beyond laboratory conditions, the bias mitigation effects of these interventions should be retained over time and should transfer across contexts. This systematic review provides an overview of the literature on retention and transfer of bias mitigation interventions. A systematic search yielded 52 studies that were eligible for screening. At the end of the selection process, only 12 peer-reviewed studies remained that adequately studied retention over a period of at least 14 days (all 12 studies) or transfer to different tasks and contexts (one study). Eleven of the relevant studies investigated the effects of bias mitigation training using game- or video-based interventions. These 11 studies showed considerable overlap regarding the biases studied, kinds of interventions, and decision-making domains. Most of them indicated that gaming interventions were effective after the retention interval and that games were more effective than video interventions. The study that investigated transfer of bias mitigation training (next to retention) found indications of transfer across contexts. To be effective in practical circumstances, achieved effects of cognitive training should lead to enduring changes in the decision maker's behavior and should generalize toward other task domains or training contexts. Given the small number of overlapping studies, our main conclusion is that there is currently insufficient evidence that bias mitigation interventions will substantially help people to make better decisions in real life conditions. This is in line with recent theoretical insights about the “hard-wired” neural and evolutionary origin of cognitive biases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8397507/ /pubmed/34456780 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629354 Text en Copyright © 2021 Korteling, Gerritsma and Toet. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Korteling, J.E. (Hans) Gerritsma, Jasmin Y. J. Toet, Alexander Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title | Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title_full | Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title_fullStr | Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title_short | Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study |
title_sort | retention and transfer of cognitive bias mitigation interventions: a systematic literature study |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397507/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34456780 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.629354 |
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