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Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic

Objective: In recent years, the incidence of Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children has been increasing. Multiple studies have suggested that B. pertussis may be one of the pathogens of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. However, the prevalence and clinic characterist...

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Autores principales: Chen, Sainan, Wang, Yuqing, Li, Anrong, Jiang, Wujun, Xu, Qiuyan, Wu, Min, Chen, Zhengrong, Hao, Chuangli, Shao, Xunjun, Xu, Jun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397516/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34458206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.621381
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author Chen, Sainan
Wang, Yuqing
Li, Anrong
Jiang, Wujun
Xu, Qiuyan
Wu, Min
Chen, Zhengrong
Hao, Chuangli
Shao, Xunjun
Xu, Jun
author_facet Chen, Sainan
Wang, Yuqing
Li, Anrong
Jiang, Wujun
Xu, Qiuyan
Wu, Min
Chen, Zhengrong
Hao, Chuangli
Shao, Xunjun
Xu, Jun
author_sort Chen, Sainan
collection PubMed
description Objective: In recent years, the incidence of Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children has been increasing. Multiple studies have suggested that B. pertussis may be one of the pathogens of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. However, the prevalence and clinic characteristic of B. pertussis in bronchiolitis is controversial. This prospective descriptive study evaluated the prevalence and clinical manifestations of infants and young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis with B. pertussis. Methods: Children hospitalized with bronchiolitis were eligible for a prospective study for 36 months from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Besides B. pertussis, 10 common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) were confirmed by laboratory tests. Medical records of patients were reviewed for demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory examination. Results: A total of 1,092 patients with bronchiolitis were admitted. B. pertussis was detected in 78/1,092 (7.1%) patients. Of the 78 patients with B. pertussis bronchiolitis, coinfections occurred in 45 (57.7%) patients, most frequently with human rhinovirus (28/78, 35.9%), followed by MP (9/78, 11.4%), and human bocavirus (6/78, 7.7%). The peak incidence of B. pertussis infection was in May. A high leukocyte count could help distinguish B. pertussis–associated acute bronchiolitis from other acute bronchiolitis etiologies. After excluding coinfections, children with B. pertussis–only bronchiolitis exhibited a milder clinical presentation than those with RSV-only infection; also, children with MP-only and other pathogen infections revealed similar severity. The morbidity of B. pertussis was common (31/78, 39.7%) in infants with bronchiolitis under 3 months. Conclusion: In summary, B. pertussis is one of the pathogens in children with bronchiolitis, and coinfection of B. pertussis with other viruses is common in bronchiolitis. B. pertussis should be considered when patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis present a longer course and have an elevated leukocyte count. Patients with B. pertussis–associated bronchiolitis present a milder clinical presentation.
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spelling pubmed-83975162021-08-28 Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic Chen, Sainan Wang, Yuqing Li, Anrong Jiang, Wujun Xu, Qiuyan Wu, Min Chen, Zhengrong Hao, Chuangli Shao, Xunjun Xu, Jun Front Pediatr Pediatrics Objective: In recent years, the incidence of Bordetella pertussis infection in infants and young children has been increasing. Multiple studies have suggested that B. pertussis may be one of the pathogens of bronchiolitis in infants and young children. However, the prevalence and clinic characteristic of B. pertussis in bronchiolitis is controversial. This prospective descriptive study evaluated the prevalence and clinical manifestations of infants and young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis with B. pertussis. Methods: Children hospitalized with bronchiolitis were eligible for a prospective study for 36 months from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2019. Besides B. pertussis, 10 common respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) were confirmed by laboratory tests. Medical records of patients were reviewed for demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory examination. Results: A total of 1,092 patients with bronchiolitis were admitted. B. pertussis was detected in 78/1,092 (7.1%) patients. Of the 78 patients with B. pertussis bronchiolitis, coinfections occurred in 45 (57.7%) patients, most frequently with human rhinovirus (28/78, 35.9%), followed by MP (9/78, 11.4%), and human bocavirus (6/78, 7.7%). The peak incidence of B. pertussis infection was in May. A high leukocyte count could help distinguish B. pertussis–associated acute bronchiolitis from other acute bronchiolitis etiologies. After excluding coinfections, children with B. pertussis–only bronchiolitis exhibited a milder clinical presentation than those with RSV-only infection; also, children with MP-only and other pathogen infections revealed similar severity. The morbidity of B. pertussis was common (31/78, 39.7%) in infants with bronchiolitis under 3 months. Conclusion: In summary, B. pertussis is one of the pathogens in children with bronchiolitis, and coinfection of B. pertussis with other viruses is common in bronchiolitis. B. pertussis should be considered when patients hospitalized with bronchiolitis present a longer course and have an elevated leukocyte count. Patients with B. pertussis–associated bronchiolitis present a milder clinical presentation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-08-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8397516/ /pubmed/34458206 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.621381 Text en Copyright © 2021 Chen, Wang, Li, Jiang, Xu, Wu, Chen, Hao, Shao and Xu. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pediatrics
Chen, Sainan
Wang, Yuqing
Li, Anrong
Jiang, Wujun
Xu, Qiuyan
Wu, Min
Chen, Zhengrong
Hao, Chuangli
Shao, Xunjun
Xu, Jun
Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title_full Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title_fullStr Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title_full_unstemmed Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title_short Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Bronchiolitis in Children 2 Years of Age and Younger: A 3 Years' Study During a Pertussis Epidemic
title_sort etiologies of hospitalized acute bronchiolitis in children 2 years of age and younger: a 3 years' study during a pertussis epidemic
topic Pediatrics
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8397516/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34458206
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.621381
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